Shloka 30

सीताविलापः—त्रिजटासान्त्वनं च

Sita’s Lament and Trijata’s Consolation

Devanagari script

नेमौशक्यारणेजेतुंसेन्द्रैरपिसुरासुरैः ।तादृशंदर्शनंदृष्टवामयाचावेदितंतव ।।।।

Transliteration

nemau śakyau raṇe jetuṃ sendrair api surāsuraiḥ | tādṛśaṃ darśanaṃ dṛṣṭvā mayā cāveditaṃ tava ||

Translation

この二人は戦場において、インドラを伴う神々と阿修羅でさえ打ち破ることはできない。私はそのような徴を自ら見て、あなたに告げ知らせたのです。

Word by Word

• na: not
• na: Modifier (निषेध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: na (अव्यय)
• Form: निषेध-अव्यय

• imau: these two
• imau: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: idam (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, द्विवचन; सर्वनाम

• śakyau: possible/capable
• śakyau: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: śakya (प्रातिपदिक; √śak (शक्) + यत्)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, द्विवचन; यत्-प्रत्ययान्त विशेषण: 'possible/capable'

• raṇe: in battle
• raṇe: Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: raṇa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (7th case), एकवचन

• jetum: to conquer
• jetum: Prayojana (प्रयोजन/उद्देश्य)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √ji (जि)
• Form: तुमुन्-प्रत्ययान्त अव्यय-भाव (infinitive): 'to conquer'

• sendraiḥ: with Indra (and others)
• sendraiḥ: Karaṇa/Agent-associate (सहकर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: sa-indra (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया, बहुवचन; बहुव्रीहि: 'having Indra (as leader)' = 'with Indra'

• api: even
• api: Modifier (अवधारण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: api (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; अपि = 'even/also' (particle)

• surāsuraiḥ: by gods and demons
• surāsuraiḥ: Karaṇa/Agent-associate (सहकर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: sura + asura (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया, बहुवचन; द्वन्द्व: 'gods and demons'

• tādṛśam: such, of that kind
• tādṛśam: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: tādṛśa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन; विशेषण

• darśanam: sight, observation
• darśanam: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: darśana (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन

• dṛṣṭvā: having seen
• dṛṣṭvā: Pūrvakāla-kriyā (पूर्वकाल-क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √dṛś (दृश्)
• Form: क्त्वा-प्रत्ययान्त अव्यय (gerund): 'having seen'

• mayā: by me
• mayā: Karaṇa (करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: asmad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: तृतीया, एकवचन

• ca: and
• ca: Connector (समुच्चय)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ca (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चय-अव्यय

• āveditam: was reported/made known
• āveditam: Kriyāviśeṣaṇa/Predicate (विधेय)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: ā-√vid (विद्) (कृदन्त; क्त)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन; क्त-प्रत्ययान्त: 'made known/informed' (predicate with implied 'asti')

• tava: to you/your
• tava: Sampradāna/Sambandha (सम्प्रदान/षष्ठी)
• Type: Noun
• Root: yusmad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: षष्ठी, एकवचन

Context

"These two are not capable of being won in war even by gods or demons. On observation of the indications by me I am making you realize."

Characters & Entities

• Rāma
• Lakṣmaṇa
• Indra
• Suras
• Asuras
• Sītā

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Dharma is confidence in righteous strength coupled with truthful witnessing: one should speak from what is seen and known, not from rumor and fear.

What is the narrative situation?

The speaker strengthens Sītā’s hope by asserting the invincibility of Rāma and Lakṣmaṇa and by citing observed signs as evidence.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Courage anchored in righteousness—heroic capacity presented as inseparable from dharmic purpose.