Ramayana — Yuddha Kanda, Sarga 35, Shloka 28

माल्यवानुपदेशः

Malyavan’s Counsel, Portents in Laṅkā, and the Proposal of Alliance

Devanagari script

व्याळागोमायवोगृध्रावाश्यन्तिचसुभैरवम् ।प्रविश्यलङ्कामनिशंसमवायांश्चकुर्वते ।।।।

Transliteration

vyāḷā gomāyavo gṛdhrā vāśyanti ca subhairavam | praviśya laṅkām aniśaṃ samavāyāṃś ca kurvate ||

Translation

邪なる獣――ジャッカルと禿鷲――がランカーの奥深くまで入り込み、休みなく群れ集って、恐るべき声で叫び立てる。

Word by Word

• व्याळाः: serpents/wild beasts
• व्याळाः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: व्याळ (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन

• गोमायवः: jackals
• गोमायवः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: गोमायु (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन

• गृध्राः: vultures
• गृध्राः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: गृध्र (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन

• वाश्यन्ति: cry/howl
• वाश्यन्ति: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: वाश् (धातु)
• Form: लट्-लकार, परस्मैपद, प्रथमपुरुष, बहुवचन

• च: and
• च: Samuccaya (समुच्चय)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चयबोधक अव्यय

• सुभैरवम्: a very dreadful (cry)
• सुभैरवम्: Karma (कर्म; what is uttered)
• Type: Noun
• Root: सु-भैरव (प्रातिपदिक; भैरव)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन; क्रियाविशेषणवत् (object-like: ‘a very dreadful (sound)’)

• प्रविश्य: having entered
• प्रविश्य: Purvakala-kriya (पूर्वकाल-क्रिया)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: प्र-विश् (धातु)
• Form: क्त्वान्त (absolutive/gerund)

• लङ्काम्: Lanka
• लङ्काम्: Karma (कर्म; goal of entering)
• Type: Noun
• Root: लङ्का (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन

• अनिशंसम्: mercilessly
• अनिशंसम्: Kriya-vishesana (क्रिया-विशेषण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अनिशंसम् (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; प्रकारवाचक क्रियाविशेषण (adverb: ‘cruelly/without mercy’)

• अवायान्: assemblies/gatherings
• अवायान्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अवाय (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, बहुवचन

• च: and
• च: Samuccaya (समुच्चय)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चयबोधक अव्यय

• कुर्वते: make/do
• कुर्वते: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: कृ (धातु)
• Form: लट्-लकार, आत्मनेपद, प्रथमपुरुष, बहुवचन

Context

"Wicked jackals and vultures are entering deep into Lanka and gathering. They are crying most frightfully."

Characters & Entities

• Laṅkā

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Dharma includes heeding truthful warnings: ominous signs are presented as nature’s signal that adharma-driven actions invite ruin, and wise rulers should self-correct.

What is the narrative situation?

In Laṅkā, alarming portents appear; counsel is being framed to urge Rāvaṇa to reconsider his course against Rāma.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Prudence grounded in satya—speaking hard truths for the good of the kingdom, even when unwelcome.