Valmiki Ramayana 6.21.11 — Yuddha Kanda, Sarga 21, Shloka 11

सागरप्रतीक्षा-क्रोधप्रादुर्भावः

Rama’s Vigil at the Ocean and the Rise of Wrath

Devanagari script

सत्रिरात्रोषितस्तत्रनयज्ञोधर्मवत्सलः ।उपासततदारामस्सागरंसरितांपतिम् ।।6.21.11।।

Transliteration

sa trirātropṣitas tatra nayajño dharmavatsalaḥ | upāsata tadā rāmaḥ sāgaraṃ saritāṃ patim ||6.21.11||

Translation

そこで三夜を過ごしたのち、ラーマは—政道に明らかでダルマを愛する者として—川々の主たる大海をなおも敬い、ひたすら待ち続けた。

Word by Word

• स: he
• स: कर्ता (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुल्लिङ्ग (Masculine), प्रथमा-विभक्ति (Nominative/1st), एकवचन

• त्रीरात्रोषितः: having stayed three nights
• त्रीरात्रोषितः: विशेषण (qualifier of subject)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: त्रि (संख्या) + रात्रि (प्रातिपदिक) + √वस् (धातु)
• Form: क्त-प्रत्ययान्त (Past participle) from √वस् 'to dwell', पुल्लिङ्ग, प्रथमा-एकवचन; तत्पुरुष: 'having stayed for three nights'

• तत्र: there
• तत्र: अधिकरण (locative sense)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तत्र (अव्यय)
• Form: देशवाचक-अव्यय (adverb of place)

• नयज्ञः: knower of statecraft
• नयज्ञः: विशेषण (qualifier of Rāma)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: नय (प्रातिपदिक) + ज्ञ (कृदन्त/प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुल्लिङ्ग, प्रथमा-एकवचन; तत्पुरुष: 'knower of polity/strategy'

• धर्मवत्सलः: devoted to righteousness
• धर्मवत्सलः: विशेषण (qualifier of Rāma)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: धर्म (प्रातिपदिक) + वत्सल (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुल्लिङ्ग, प्रथमा-एकवचन; तत्पुरुष: 'affectionate to dharma'

• उपासत: waited upon/worshipped
• उपासत: क्रिया (Verb/predicate)
• Type: Verb
• Root: उप + √आस् (धातु)
• Form: लङ्-लकार (Imperfect/Past), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), एकवचन, परस्मैपद

• तदा: then
• तदा: क्रियाविशेषण (adverb)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तदा (अव्यय)
• Form: कालवाचक-अव्यय (adverb of time)

• रामः: Rama
• रामः: कर्ता (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: राम (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुल्लिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन

• सागरम्: the ocean
• सागरम्: कर्म (Object/कर्मकारक)
• Type: Noun
• Root: सागर (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुल्लिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन

• सरिताम्: of rivers
• सरिताम्: सम्बन्ध (genitive relation)
• Type: Noun
• Root: सरित् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, षष्ठी-विभक्ति, बहुवचन

• पतिम्: lord
• पतिम्: कर्म (Object/कर्मकारक)
• Type: Noun
• Root: पति (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुल्लिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन; apposition to 'सागरम्'

Context

Rama, a lover of dharma, who had political foresight, spent three nights waiting upon the ocean, the Lord of rivers.

Characters & Entities

• Rāma
• Sāgara (Ocean)

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Dharma is shown as respectful procedure: even when powerful, Rāma follows propriety by seeking cooperation through reverent approach rather than coercion.

What is the narrative situation?

Rāma remains at the shore for three nights, petitioning the ocean to permit a crossing for the vānaras toward Laṅkā.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Dharmic restraint paired with prudent statecraft (naya)—patience and method before force.