Shloka 14

चन्द्रप्रकाशे लङ्कानिरीक्षणम्

Moonlit Survey of Lanka and the Unfound Sita

Devanagari script

महागजैश्चापि तथा नदद्भि: सुपूजितैश्चापि तथा सुसद्भिः।रराज वीरैश्च विनिःश्वसद्भिः ह्रदो भुजङ्गैरिव निःश्वसद्भिः।।5.5.14।।

Transliteration

mahāgajaiś cāpi tathā nadadbhiḥ supūjitaiś cāpi tathā susadbhiḥ |rarāja vīraiś ca viniḥśvasadbhiḥ hrado bhujaṅgair iva niḥśvasadbhiḥ ||5.5.14||

Translation

そこは大象の轟く声に映え、敬われて端然と座す貴人に輝き、荒く息づく勇士にきらめいた――まるで湖が光り、内に蛇が嘶き息を吐くかのように。

Word by Word

• महागजैः: by/with great elephants
• महागजैः: करण (Instrument/Association)
• Type: Noun
• Root: महागज (प्रातिपदिक) = महा + गज
• Form: पुंलिङ्गः, तृतीया-विभक्तिः (करण), बहुवचनम्; (masculine, instrumental case, plural)

• च: and
• च: समुच्चय (Coordinator)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चय-अव्ययम् (conjunction)

• अपि: also
• अपि: निपात (Particle/Emphasis)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अपि (अव्यय)
• Form: निपातः (particle), अर्थः—'also/even'

• तथा: likewise/so
• तथा: क्रियाविशेषण (Adverbial modifier)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तथा (अव्यय)
• Form: क्रियाविशेषण-अव्ययम् (adverb)

• नदद्भिः: trumpeting/roaring
• नदद्भिः: विशेषणम् (Qualifier of महागजैः)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: नद् (धातु) → नदत् (कृदन्त, शतृ-प्रत्यय)
• Form: पुंलिङ्गे तृतीया-विभक्तिः, बहुवचनम्; वर्तमानकाले शतृ-प्रत्ययान्तः (present active participle); (masculine instrumental plural, 'trumpeting/roaring')

• सुपूजितैः: by/with the well-honoured (ones)
• सुपूजितैः: करण (Instrument/Association)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सु + पूजित (कृदन्त/प्रातिपदिक) < पूज् (धातु) + क्त
• Form: पुंलिङ्गे तृतीया-विभक्तिः, बहुवचनम्; क्त-प्रत्ययान्तः भूतकर्मणि (past passive participle); (masculine instrumental plural)

• च: and
• च: समुच्चय (Coordinator)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चय-अव्ययम् (conjunction)

• अपि: also
• अपि: निपात (Particle/Emphasis)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अपि (अव्यय)
• Form: निपातः (particle), अर्थः—'also/even'

• तथा: likewise
• तथा: क्रियाविशेषण (Adverbial modifier)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तथा (अव्यय)
• Form: क्रियाविशेषण-अव्ययम् (adverb)

• सुसद्भिः: by/with the good/worthy men
• सुसद्भिः: करण (Instrument/Association)
• Type: Noun
• Root: सु + सत् (कृदन्त) < अस् (धातु) → सत् (शतृ/वर्तमान कृदन्त)
• Form: पुंलिङ्गे तृतीया-विभक्तिः, बहुवचनम्; 'सत्' = सज्जन/भद्र (good men), उपसर्ग 'सु' (well); (masculine instrumental plural)

• रराज: shone/was resplendent
• रराज: क्रिया (Main verb)
• Type: Verb
• Root: राज् (धातु) (दीप्तौ) → रराज (लिट्)
• Form: लिट्-लकारः (परोक्शभूत/Perfect), प्रथमपुरुषः, एकवचनम्; परस्मैपदम्; (3rd person singular perfect)

• वीरैः: by/with heroes
• वीरैः: करण (Instrument/Association)
• Type: Noun
• Root: वीर (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्गः, तृतीया-विभक्तिः, बहुवचनम्; (masculine instrumental plural)

• च: and
• च: समुच्चय (Coordinator)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चय-अव्ययम् (conjunction)

• विनिःश्वसद्भिः: breathing heavily
• विनिःश्वसद्भिः: विशेषणम् (Qualifier of वीरैः)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: वि + नि + श्वस् (धातु) → श्वसत् (कृदन्त, शतृ-प्रत्यय)
• Form: पुंलिङ्गे तृतीया-विभक्तिः, बहुवचनम्; वर्तमानकाले शतृ-प्रत्ययान्तः; उपसर्गौ—वि, नि; (masculine instrumental plural, 'breathing out heavily')

• ह्रदः: the lake
• ह्रदः: कर्तृ (Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: ह्रद (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्गः, प्रथमा-विभक्तिः, एकवचनम्; (masculine nominative singular)

• भुजङ्गैः: by/with serpents
• भुजङ्गैः: करण (Instrument/Association)
• Type: Noun
• Root: भुजङ्ग (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्गः, तृतीया-विभक्तिः, बहुवचनम्; (masculine instrumental plural)

• इव: like/as if
• इव: उपमान (Simile-marker)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: इव (अव्यय)
• Form: उपमानवाचक-अव्ययम् (comparative particle)

• निःश्वसद्भिः: hissing/breathing
• निःश्वसद्भिः: विशेषणम् (Qualifier of भुजङ्गैः)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: नि + श्वस् (धातु) → श्वसत् (कृदन्त, शतृ-प्रत्यय)
• Form: पुंलिङ्गे तृतीया-विभक्तिः, बहुवचनम्; वर्तमानकाले शतृ-प्रत्ययान्तः; उपसर्गः—नि; (masculine instrumental plural, 'hissing/breathing')

Context

There were huge elephants trumpeting, respected people, warriors sighing for the lack of enemies (to vanquish). It had a lake infested with hissing snakes.

Characters & Entities

• Hanumān
• Laṅkā
• Elephants
• Warriors (rākṣasa vīras)

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Power and grandeur can coexist with inner danger; dharma demands that strength be guided by righteousness, otherwise it becomes like a beautiful lake made perilous by serpents.

What is the narrative situation?

Hanumān notes the intimidating magnificence of Laṅkā—its military and royal presence—while assessing risks.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Prudence and situational awareness: Hanumān recognizes both splendor and threat.