Ramayana — Sundara Kanda, Sarga 44, Shloka 9

जम्बुमालिवधः

The Slaying of Jambumali

Devanagari script

तत्तस्य रक्तं रक्तेन रञ्जितं शुशुभे मुखम्।यथाकाशे महापद्मं सिक्तं चन्दनबिन्दुभिः।।।।

Transliteration

tat tasya raktaṃ raktena rañjitaṃ śuśubhe mukham | yathākāśe mahā-padmaṃ siktaṃ candana-bindubhiḥ ||

Translation

その顔は赤く、さらに血に染まっていっそう赤みを増し、なお輝いた——天空の大紅蓮に、赤檀の香膏の雫が散りかかるように。

Word by Word

• तत्: that
• तत्: कर्ता (subject, with मुखम्)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: सर्वनाम; नपुंसकलिङ्ग; प्रथमा-विभक्ति; एकवचन (pronoun; neuter; nominative; singular)

• तस्य: of him / his
• तस्य: सम्बन्ध (genitive/possessor)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: सर्वनाम; पुंलिङ्ग/नपुंसकलिङ्ग; षष्ठी-विभक्ति; एकवचन (pronoun; genitive; singular)

• रक्तम्: red
• रक्तम्: विशेषण (qualifier of मुखम्)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: रक्त (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: विशेषण; नपुंसकलिङ्ग; प्रथमा-विभक्ति; एकवचन (adjective; neuter; nominative; singular)

• रक्तेन: with blood
• रक्तेन: करण (instrument/means)
• Type: Noun
• Root: रक्त (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग; तृतीया-विभक्ति; एकवचन (noun; neuter; instrumental; singular)

• रञ्जितम्: stained/tinged
• रञ्जितम्: विशेषण (qualifier of मुखम्)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: रञ्ज् (धातु) + क्त (कृदन्त-प्रत्यय)
• Form: भूतकर्मणि कृदन्त (क्त-प्रत्यय); नपुंसकलिङ्ग; प्रथमा-विभक्ति; एकवचन (past passive participle; neuter; nominative; singular)

• शुशुभे: shone / looked bright
• शुशुभे: क्रिया (predicate)
• Type: Verb
• Root: शुभ् (धातु)
• Form: लिट्-लकार (परोक्शभूत/परफेक्ट); आत्मनेपद; प्रथम-पुरुष; एकवचन (perfect; middle; 3rd person; singular)

• मुखम्: face
• मुखम्: कर्ता (subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: मुख (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग; प्रथमा-विभक्ति; एकवचन (noun; neuter; nominative; singular)

• यथा: as / like
• यथा: उपमान-सम्बन्ध (marker of simile)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: यथा (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; उपमानवाचक-निपात (indeclinable; comparative particle)

• आकाशे: in the sky
• आकाशे: अधिकरण (location)
• Type: Noun
• Root: आकाश (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग; सप्तमी-विभक्ति; एकवचन (noun; neuter; locative; singular)

• महापद्मम्: a great lotus
• महापद्मम्: उपमान (standard of comparison)
• Type: Noun
• Root: महा (उपसर्ग/विशेषण-प्रातिपदिक) + पद्म (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: कर्मधारय-समास; नपुंसकलिङ्ग; प्रथमा-विभक्ति; एकवचन (karmadharaya compound; neuter; nominative; singular)

• सिक्तम्: sprinkled / wetted
• सिक्तम्: विशेषण (qualifier of महापद्मम्)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सिच् (धातु) + क्त (कृदन्त-प्रत्यय)
• Form: भूतकर्मणि कृदन्त (क्त-प्रत्यय); नपुंसकलिङ्ग; प्रथमा-विभक्ति; एकवचन (past passive participle; neuter; nominative; singular)

• चन्दनबिन्दुभिः: with drops of sandal (paste)
• चन्दनबिन्दुभिः: करण (instrument/means)
• Type: Noun
• Root: चन्दन (प्रातिपदिक) + बिन्दु (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष-समास (चन्दनस्य बिन्दवः); पुंलिङ्ग; तृतीया-विभक्ति; बहुवचन (tatpurusha compound; masculine; instrumental; plural)

Context

His red face stained with blood was glowing bright like red lotus in the sky sprinkled with drops of red sandal.

Characters & Entities

• Hanuman
• lotus (mahāpadma)

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Dharma is resilience: adversity may mark the body, yet the righteous purpose remains luminous and worthy.

What is the narrative situation?

The narration lingers on Hanuman’s appearance after being wounded, using elevated imagery to convey his heroic stature.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Śaurya with tejas—heroism combined with a radiant, unshaken presence.