Ramayana — Sundara Kanda, Sarga 43, Shloka 12

चैत्यप्रासाद-विध्वंसः

Destruction of the Chaitya Palace and Hanuman’s Proclamation

Devanagari script

एवमुक्त्वा विमानस्थश्चैत्यस्थान्हरियूथपः।ननाद भीमनिर्ह्रादो रक्षसां जनयन्भयम्।।।।

Transliteration

evam uktvā vimāna-sthaś caitya-sthān hari-yūthapaḥ |

nanāda bhīma-nirhrādo rakṣasāṃ janayan bhayam ||

Translation

かく言い終えると、チャイティヤの傍らの宮殿ヴィマーナの上に立つ猿軍の将は、凄まじい咆哮を放ち、羅刹たちに恐怖を起こさせた。

Word by Word

• evam: thus
• evam: Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: evam (अव्यय)
• Form: प्रकारवाचक-अव्यय (thus)

• uktvā: having said
• uktvā: Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Verb
• Root: vac (धातु)
• Form: क्त्वान्त अव्ययकृदन्त; उपसर्ग: उत् (ud+vac = to say)

• vimānasthaḥ: standing on the aerial car (vimana)
• vimānasthaḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: vimāna-stha (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; विशेषणम् (hariyūthapaḥ); समासः सप्तमी-तत्पुरुष (vimāne sthitaḥ)

• caityasthān: the temple/palace precincts/places
• caityasthān: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: caitya-sthāna (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, बहुवचन; समासः तत्पुरुष (caityasya sthānāni)

• hariyūthapaḥ: leader of the monkey troop
• hariyūthapaḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: hari-yūtha-pa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; समासः तत्पुरुष (harīṇāṃ yūthasya paḥ = leader of monkey-troop)

• nanāda: roared
• nanāda: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: nad (धातु)
• Form: लिट्-लकार (perfect), परस्मैपद; प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन

• bhīmanirhrādaḥ: a terrible roar
• bhīmanirhrādaḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: bhīma-nirhrāda (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; विशेषण-प्रधान कर्मधारय (bhīmaḥ nirhrādaḥ = terrible roar)

• rakṣasām: of the demons
• rakṣasām: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: rakṣas (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी, बहुवचन

• janayan: producing
• janayan: Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Verb
• Root: jan (धातु)
• Form: शतृ-प्रत्ययान्त वर्तमानकृदन्त; पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; (causative sense in usage: producing)

• bhayam: fear
• bhayam: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: bhaya (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन

Context

Having made proclamations that way from the top of the Vimana (palace) the monkey leader roared making terrific sound frightening the ogres.

Characters & Entities

• Hanumān
• Rākṣasas
• Caitya (temple structure)
• Vimāna (palace-top)

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Dharma includes strategic restraint and deterrence: the roar functions as psychological pressure against adharma, minimizing uncertainty and asserting moral resolve.

What is the narrative situation?

From the palace-top, Hanumān roars loudly, drawing attention and provoking the defenders of Laṅkā to respond.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Tejas (awe-inspiring spiritual and heroic radiance): Hanumān’s presence alone becomes a force that unsettles the unrighteous.