Ramayana — Bala Kanda, Sarga 35, Shloka 19

गङ्गाजन्मवर्णनम् / The Origin of the Ganga

Tripathagā Narrative

Devanagari script

प्रतिगृह्य ततो देवास्त्रिलोकहितकारिण:।गङ्गामादाय तेऽगच्छन् कृतार्थेनान्तरात्मना।।1.35.19।।

Transliteration

pratigṛhya tato devās trilokahitakāriṇaḥ |

gaṅgām ādāya te 'gacchan kṛtārthenāntarātmanā || 1.35.19 ||

Translation

そののち、三界の利益をなす神々はガンガーを受け取り、彼女を伴って立ち去った。内なる心は成就に満ちていた。

Word by Word

• pratigṛhya: having accepted
• pratigṛhya: Pūrvakāla-kriyā (पूर्वकालक्रिया/Absolutive)
• Type: Verb
• Root: prati-√grah (धातु)
• Form: क्त्वा-प्रत्ययान्त अव्ययभाव (gerund); ‘having received’

• tataḥ: then
• tataḥ: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Sequence)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: tataḥ (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; अव्यय-सम्बन्ध (from then/thereafter)

• devāḥ: the gods
• devāḥ: Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: deva (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), बहुवचन

• triloka-hita-kāriṇaḥ: doing good to the three worlds
• triloka-hita-kāriṇaḥ: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण/Qualifier)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: tri + loka + hita + kārin (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), बहुवचन; तत्पुरुष: त्रिलोकस्य हितं करोति

• gaṅgām: Gaṅgā
• gaṅgām: Karma (कर्म/Object)
• Type: Noun
• Root: gaṅgā (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative), एकवचन

• ādāya: having taken
• ādāya: Pūrvakāla-kriyā (पूर्वकालक्रिया/Absolutive)
• Type: Verb
• Root: ā-√dā (धातु)
• Form: क्त्वा-प्रत्ययान्त अव्ययभाव (gerund); ‘having taken’

• te: they
• te: Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), बहुवचन; सर्वनाम

• agacchan: went
• agacchan: Kriyā (क्रिया/Verb)
• Type: Verb
• Root: gam (धातु)
• Form: लङ् (Imperfect/Past), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), बहुवचन; परस्मैपद

• kṛtārthena: with fulfilled purpose
• kṛtārthena: Karaṇa (करण/Instrument; manner)
• Type: Noun
• Root: kṛta + artha (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया (3rd/Instrumental), एकवचन; कर्मधारय: कृतः अर्थः यस्य (fulfilled)

• antarātmanā: with inner satisfaction
• antarātmanā: Karaṇa (करण/Instrument; manner)
• Type: Noun
• Root: antar-ātman (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया (3rd/Instrumental), एकवचन; कर्मधारय: अन्तरः आत्मा (inner mind)

Context

Himavan the best of mountains gave his daughter Uma associated with severeausterities and venerated by the whole world in marriage to the unrivalled Rudra.

Characters & Entities

• Devas
• Gaṅgā
• trailokya (three worlds)

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Dharma as purposeful service: when an action is aligned with universal welfare, it brings inner fulfillment (kṛtārthatā).

What is the narrative situation?

After receiving Gaṅgā from Himavān, the gods depart to their realm, satisfied that a divine task is advanced.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

The gods’ commitment to triloka-hita (the common good) and the serenity that follows duty accomplished.