Ramayana — Bala Kanda, Sarga 34, Shloka 1

कुशिकवंश

प्रसङ्गः / Genealogy of the Kuśika Line and the Kausikī River

Devanagari script

कृतोद्वाहे गते तस्मिन् ब्रह्मदत्ते च राघव।अपुत्र: पुत्रलाभाय पौत्रीमिष्टिमकल्पयत्।।।।

Transliteration

kṛtodvāhe gate tasmin brahmadatte ca rāghava | aputraḥ putralābhāya pautrīm iṣṭim akalpayat || 1.34.1 ||

Translation

ラाघァヴァよ、ブラフマダッタの婚礼が成り、彼が去ったのち、王は子を持たぬゆえに、子を得るため「プトレーシュティ」祭（ヤジュニャ）を整えた。

Word by Word

• कृतोद्वाहे: when the marriage had been performed
• कृतोद्वाहे: अधिकरण (Locative absolute part)
• Type: Noun
• Root: कृत (√कृ; क्त) + उद्वाह (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, सप्तमी-विभक्ति, एकवचन; समासः—तत्पुरुषः (कृतः उद्वाहः यस्मिन्)

• गते: when (he) had gone
• गते: अधिकरण (Locative absolute part)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: गत (√गम् धातु; क्त)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, सप्तमी-विभक्ति, एकवचन; विशेषणम् (तस्मिन्)

• तस्मिन्: in that (time/person)
• तस्मिन्: अधिकरण (Locative absolute base)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, सप्तमी-विभक्ति, एकवचन; सर्वनाम

• ब्रह्मदत्ते: (when) Brahmadatta (had gone)
• ब्रह्मदत्ते: अधिकरण (Locative absolute apposition)
• Type: Noun
• Root: ब्रह्मदत्त (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, सप्तमी-विभक्ति, एकवचन

• च: and
• च: समुच्चय
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; समुच्चय (conjunction)

• राघव: O Rāghava (Rama)
• राघव: सम्बोधन (Address)
• Type: Noun
• Root: राघव (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, सम्बोधन-विभक्ति (Vocative/सम्बोधन), एकवचन

• अपुत्रः: sonless
• अपुत्रः: कर्ता (Subject)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: अ (नञ्) + पुत्र (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; नञ्-समासार्थक विशेषणम्

• पुत्रलाभाय: for obtaining a son
• पुत्रलाभाय: सम्प्रदान/प्रयोजन (Purpose dative)
• Type: Noun
• Root: पुत्र (प्रातिपदिक) + लाभ (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, चतुर्थी-विभक्ति (4th/चतुर्थी), एकवचन; समासः—तत्पुरुषः (पुत्रस्य लाभः)

• पौत्रीम्: (called) Pautrī
• पौत्रीम्: कर्म (Object qualifier)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: पौत्री (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन; विशेषणम् (इष्टिम्)

• इष्टिम्: sacrificial rite (iṣṭi)
• इष्टिम्: कर्म (Object)
• Type: Noun
• Root: इष्टि (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन

• अकल्पयत्: arranged/performed
• अकल्पयत्: क्रिया (Verb)
• Type: Verb
• Root: अ + √कल्प् (धातु)
• Form: लङ्-लकार (Imperfect/Past), प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन; परस्मैपद

Context

"O son of Raghu's dynasty (Rama)! Brahmadatta got married and left for his kingdom. Now a putreshti was performed by king Kusanabha in order to beget a son.

Characters & Entities

• Rāma (Rāghava)
• Brahmadatta
• King Kūśanābha (implied)

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

It reflects the dharmic priority of lineage continuity and responsible kingship: the king seeks a son through sanctioned Vedic means (yajña), aligning desire with ritual and social order.

What is the narrative situation?

With Brahmadatta’s marriage concluded, the story transitions to the king’s effort to beget an heir via the Putreṣṭi rite.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Faith in lawful means (vaidika-vidhi) and commitment to dynastic responsibility.