Ramayana — Bala Kanda, Sarga 33, Shloka 12

कुशनाभकन्याशतविवाहः — The Marriage of Kuśanābha’s Hundred Daughters

and the Birth of Brahmadatta

Devanagari script

तप्यन्तं तमृषिं तत्र गन्धर्वी पर्युपासते।सोमदा नाम भद्रं ते ऊर्मिला तनया तदा।।1.33.12।।

Transliteration

tapyantaṃ tamṛṣiṃ tatra gandharvī paryupāsate | somadā nāma bhadraṃ te ūrmilā tanayā tadā ||

Translation

そこにて、そのリシが苦行に励むあいだ、ガンダルヴァの乙女が傍らに仕えた。名をソーマダー、ウールミラーの娘である。汝に祝福あれ。

Word by Word

• अथ: then
• अथ: काल-सम्बन्ध
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अथ (अव्यय)
• Form: अनन्तर-अव्यय (then)

• तत्र: there
• तत्र: अधिकरण (Adhikaraṇa)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तत्र (अव्यय)
• Form: देशवाचक-अव्यय (there)

• तदा: at that time
• तदा: काल-सम्बन्ध
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तदा (अव्यय)
• Form: कालवाचक-अव्यय (then)

• रामः: Rāma
• रामः: कर्ता (Karta/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: राम (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

• विश्वामित्रम्: Viśvāmitra
• विश्वामित्रम्: सम्प्रदान/सम्बोधन-लक्ष्य (addressee)
• Type: Noun
• Root: विश्वामित्र (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन

• अथ: then
• अथ: काल-सम्बन्ध
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अथ (अव्यय)
• Form: अनन्तर-अव्यय

• अब्रवीत्: said
• अब्रवीत्: क्रिया (main verb)
• Type: Verb
• Root: ब्रू (धातु)
• Form: लङ्-लकार (Imperfect/Past), परस्मैपद; प्रथम-पुरुष, एकवचन

• भगवन्: O venerable one
• भगवन्: सम्बोधन (Address)
• Type: Noun
• Root: भगवत् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, सम्बोधन (Vocative), एकवचन

• श्रोतुम्: to hear
• श्रोतुम्: प्रयोजन (purpose)
• Type: Verb
• Root: श्रु (धातु)
• Form: तुमुन्-प्रत्ययान्त infinitive; श्रवणार्थक (purpose)

• इच्छामि: I wish/desire
• इच्छामि: क्रिया (main verb)
• Type: Verb
• Root: इष् (धातु)
• Form: लट्-लकार (Present), परस्मैपद; उत्तम-पुरुष (1st person), एकवचन

• गङ्गाम्: Gaṅgā
• गङ्गाम्: कर्म (object of śrotum)
• Type: Noun
• Root: गङ्गा (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन

• त्रिपथगाम्: flowing in three courses
• त्रिपथगाम्: विशेषण (of gaṅgām/nadīm)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: त्रि + पथ + गा (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष (त्रीणां पथानां गा = going in three paths)

• नदीम्: river
• नदीम्: कर्म (apposition to gaṅgām)
• Type: Noun
• Root: नदी (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन

• त्रैलोक्यम्: the three worlds
• त्रैलोक्यम्: कर्म (object of ākramya)
• Type: Noun
• Root: त्रि + लोक (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन; द्विगु-समास (three worlds)

• कथम्: how
• कथम्: क्रियाविशेषण (interrogative manner)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: कथम् (अव्यय)
• Form: प्रश्नवाचक-अव्यय (how)

• आक्रम्य: having traversed/covered
• आक्रम्य: क्रियाविशेषण (prior action)
• Type: Verb
• Root: क्रम् (धातु)
• Form: ल्यप्-प्रत्ययान्त अव्यय (gerund); उपसर्ग: आ- (having overstepped/covered)

• गता: went/reached
• गता: क्रिया-विशेषण/विधेय (predicate: 'has gone')
• Type: Verb
• Root: गम् (धातु)
• Form: क्त-प्रत्ययान्त भूतकृदन्त (past participle); स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; कर्तरि (agreeing with gaṅgā)

• नदनदीपतिम्: the lord of rivers (the ocean)
• नदनदीपतिम्: कर्म (destination as object of 'reached')
• Type: Noun
• Root: नद + नदी + पति (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन; तत्पुरुष (नदानां नदीानां च पतिः = lord of rivers and streams; i.e., ocean)

Context

When he was performing austerities, a nymph named Somada, daughter of Urmila, used to serve him. Prosperity to you!

Characters & Entities

• Cūlī
• Somadā
• Ūrmilā
• Gandharvī (Gandharva maiden)

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Sevā (reverent service) toward the virtuous is upheld as dharmic conduct, supporting spiritual work and strengthening moral bonds between beings.

What is the narrative situation?

Somadā is introduced as the attendant of the ascetic Cūlī during his austerities, preparing the ground for the later request for a boon.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Devoted service (śuśrūṣā) and respect toward ascetics.