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Ramayana — Bala Kanda, Sarga 18, Shloka 58

पुत्रजन्मोत्सवः — Birth of the Princes and Viśvāmitra’s Arrival

Bālakāṇḍa 18

Devanagari script

इति हृदयसुखं निशम्य वाक्यंश्रुतिसुखमात्मवता विनीतमुक्तम्।प्रथितगुणयशा गुणैर्विशिष्ट:परमऋषि: परमं जगाम हर्षम्।।।।

Transliteration

iti hṛdayasukhaṃ niśamya vākyaṃ śrutisukham ātmavatā vinītam uktam | prathitaguṇayaśā guṇair viśiṣṭaḥ paramarṣiḥ paramaṃ jagāma harṣam ||

Translation

慎み深く自制に満ち、心に甘く耳に麗しいその言葉を、思慮ある王が述べたのを聞いて、徳と名声に名高く諸徳に秀でた至上の聖仙は、深い歓喜に満たされた。

Word by Word
इतिthus
इति:
Vākyopasaṃhāra (वाक्योपसंहार/quotative marker)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइति (अव्यय)
Formइत्यादि-प्रकारवाचक-अव्यय (quotative/particle: ‘thus’)
हृदयसुखम्heart-pleasing
हृदयसुखम्:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण/Qualifier of ‘वाक्यम्’)
TypeNoun
Rootहृदय (प्रातिपदिक) + सुख (प्रातिपदिक)
Formषष्ठी-तत्पुरुष (genitive determinative: ‘pleasure of the heart’), नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन; ‘वाक्यम्’ विशेषणवत् (used adjectivally)
निशम्यhaving heard
निशम्य:
Pūrvakāla-kriyā (पूर्वकालक्रिया/gerundial)
TypeVerb
Rootनि + शम्/शम् (धातु: ‘to hear/notice’) + ल्यप् (कृत्-प्रत्यय)
Formक्त्वान्त/ल्यबन्त (absolutive/gerund), पूर्वकालिक क्रिया (prior action)
वाक्यम्speech/words
वाक्यम्:
Karma (कर्म/Object of ‘निशम्य’)
TypeNoun
Rootवाक्य (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन
श्रुतिसुखम्pleasant to the ear
श्रुतिसुखम्:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण/Qualifier of ‘वाक्यम्’)
TypeNoun
Rootश्रुति (प्रातिपदिक) + सुख (प्रातिपदिक)
Formषष्ठी-तत्पुरुष (genitive determinative: ‘pleasing to the hearing/ear’), नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन; ‘वाक्यम्’ विशेषणवत्
आत्मवताby the self-possessed/prudent one
आत्मवता:
Karta (कर्ता/Agent; instrumental of agent in participial construction)
TypeAdjective
Rootआत्मवत् (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया-विभक्ति (Instrumental/3rd), एकवचन; कर्तृ-विशेषण (qualifies the speaker)
विनीतम्humble/modest
विनीतम्:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण/Qualifier)
TypeAdjective
Rootवि + नी (धातु) + क्त (कृत्-प्रत्यय) → विनीत (प्रातिपदिक)
Formभूतकृदन्त (past participle), नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन; ‘वाक्यम्’ विशेषण
उक्तम्spoken
उक्तम्:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण/Qualifier)
TypeVerb
Rootवच् (धातु) + क्त (कृत्-प्रत्यय) → उक्त (प्रातिपदिक)
Formभूतकृदन्त (past participle), नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन; ‘वाक्यम्’ विशेषण
प्रथितगुणयशाःrenowned for virtues and fame
प्रथितगुणयशाः:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण/Qualifier)
TypeAdjective
Rootप्रथित (प्रातिपदिक) + गुण (प्रातिपदिक) + यशस् (प्रातिपदिक)
Formबहुव्रीहि (possessive: ‘whose qualities and fame are renowned’), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; ‘परमऋषिः’ विशेषण
गुणैःby virtues
गुणैः:
Karaṇa (करण/Instrument)
TypeNoun
Rootगुण (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया, बहुवचन (Plural)
विशिष्टःdistinguished
विशिष्टः:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण/Qualifier)
TypeAdjective
Rootवि + शिष् (धातु) + क्त (कृत्-प्रत्यय) → विशिष्ट (प्रातिपदिक)
Formभूतकृदन्त, पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; ‘परमऋषिः’ विशेषण
परमऋषिःthe great sage
परमऋषिः:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootपरम (प्रातिपदिक) + ऋषि (प्रातिपदिक)
Formकर्मधारय (descriptive: ‘supreme rishi’), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन
परमम्supreme/great
परमम्:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण/Qualifier)
TypeAdjective
Rootपरम (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन; ‘हर्षम्’ विशेषण
जगामwent/attained
जगाम:
Kriyā (क्रिया/finite verb)
TypeVerb
Rootगम् (धातु)
Formलिट्-लकार (Perfect), परस्मैपद, प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), एकवचन
हर्षम्joy/delight
हर्षम्:
Karma (कर्म/Object)
TypeNoun
Rootहर्ष (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन
Context

On hearing the words spoken in such an humble manner by the prudent king words pleasing to the mind and to the ears, the great rishi of celebrated virtues and fame, of sterling qualities experienced deep delight.ইত্যার্ষে শ্রীমদ্রামাযণে বাল্মীকীয আদিকাব্যে বালকাণ্ডে অষ্টাদশস্সর্গ:৷৷Thus ends the eighteenth sarga of Balakanda of the holy Ramayana the first epic composed by sage Valmiki.

Characters & Entities
D
Daśaratha
V
Viśvāmitra (paramarṣi)

FAQs

Dharma is reflected in speech and demeanor: humility, self-control, and truthful courtesy are presented as virtues that gladden the wise.

The narrator describes Viśvāmitra’s reaction—he is delighted after hearing Daśaratha’s humble and prudent welcome.

Daśaratha’s vinaya (humility) and ātmavatva (self-mastery), and Viśvāmitra’s discernment in valuing such virtues.

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