Ramayana — Ayodhya Kanda, Sarga 91, Shloka 38

भरद्वाजाश्रमे भरतसैन्यस्य दिव्यात्मिथ्यम् / Divine Hospitality to Bharata’s Army at Bharadvaja’s Hermitage

Devanagari script

तत्र राजासनं दिव्यं व्यजनं छत्रमेव च।भरतो मन्त्रिभिस्सार्धमभ्यवर्तत राजवत्।।।।

Transliteration

tatra rājāsanaṃ divyaṃ vyajanaṃ chatram eva ca | bharato mantribhiḥ sārdham abhyavartata rājavat ||

Translation

そこには妙なる王座が据えられ、扇と天蓋（王の傘）も整えられていた。バラタは大臣たちとともに、王にふさわしくその座に就いた。

Word by Word

• आनुपूर्व्यात्: in order; successively
• आनुपूर्व्यात्: Kriya-visheshana (क्रियाविशेषण/Adverbial)
• Type: Noun
• Root: आनुपूर्व्य (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, पञ्चमी (5th/Ablative), एकवचन; अव्ययीभावार्थे प्रयोगः (idiomatic: 'in due order')

• निषेदुः: sat down
• निषेदुः: Kriya (क्रिया/Action)
• Type: Verb
• Root: नि + सद् (धातु)
• Form: लिट् (Perfect/परोक्षभूत), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), बहुवचन; परस्मैपदम्

• च: and
• च: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Connector)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चयार्थक-अव्यय

• सर्वे: all
• सर्वे: Visheshana (विशेषण/Qualifier)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सर्व (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), बहुवचन; विशेषणम् (of मन्त्रिपुरोहिताः)

• मन्त्रिपुरोहिताः: ministers and priests
• मन्त्रिपुरोहिताः: Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: मन्त्रि-पुरोहित (प्रातिपदिक; मन्त्रिन् + पुरोहित)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), बहुवचन; द्वन्द्वसमास (मन्त्रिणश्च पुरोहिताश्च)

• ततः: then
• ततः: Kriya-visheshana (क्रियाविशेषण/Temporal)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ततः (अव्यय)
• Form: काल/क्रमवाचक-अव्यय (then/thereafter)

• सेनापतिः: the army chief
• सेनापतिः: Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: सेना-पति (प्रातिपदिक; सेना + पति)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन; तत्पुरुषसमास (सेनायाः पतिः)

• पश्चात्: afterwards
• पश्चात्: Kriya-visheshana (क्रियाविशेषण/Temporal)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: पश्चात् (अव्यय)
• Form: क्रमवाचक-अव्यय (afterwards/later)

• प्रशास्ता: the superintendent; overseer
• प्रशास्ता: Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: प्र + शास् (धातु) + तृ (तृच्) → प्रशास्तृ (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन; तृ-प्रत्ययान्त कर्तृवाचक (agent noun: 'superintendent/commander')

• च: and
• च: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Connector)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चयार्थक-अव्यय

• निषेदतुः: the two sat down
• निषेदतुः: Kriya (क्रिया/Action)
• Type: Verb
• Root: नि + सद् (धातु)
• Form: लङ् (Imperfect/Past), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), द्विवचन; परस्मैपदम्

Context

There where stood an exquisite throne, a fan and a parasol Bharata stayed in the company of ministers.

Characters & Entities

• Bharata
• ministers
• throne (rājāsana)
• parasol (chatra)

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

The verse points to rāja-dharma as a role with visible symbols and responsibilities; yet in context it prepares for Bharata’s restraint—he is placed amid royal emblems, but he will not claim Rama’s rightful sovereignty.

What is the narrative situation?

Inside the residence, royal insignia (throne, fan, parasol) are arranged, and Bharata stands/sits with ministers as if in a royal setting.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Bharata’s sense of duty under pressure—he can occupy a royal setting without inner attachment to usurpation.