Valmiki Ramayana 2.83.23 — Ayodhya Kanda, Sarga 83, Shloka 23

अयोध्याकाण्डे त्र्यशीति तमः सर्गः — Bharata’s Departure and Encampment on the Gaṅgā

Śṛṅgīberapura

Devanagari script

निवेशयत मे सैन्यमभिप्रायेण सर्वतः।विश्रान्ताः प्रतरिष्यामश्श्व इदानीमिमां नदीम्।।2.83.23।।

Transliteration

niveśayata me sainyam abhiprāyeṇa sarvataḥ |

viśrāntāḥ pratariṣyāmaḥ śva idānīm imāṃ nadīm || 2.83.23 ||

Translation

都合のよいように、わが軍を四方に布陣して宿営させよ。皆が休息したのち、明日この川を渡ろう。

Word by Word

• निवेशयत: (you all) encamp / make (them) halt
• निवेशयत: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: नि-विश् (धातु)
• Form: लोट् (Imperative), मध्यमपुरुष (2nd person), बहुवचन (plural); परस्मैपदम्; causative sense not intended here (simple ‘make camp/settle’)

• मे: my
• मे: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/possessor)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अस्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: षष्ठी (Genitive/6th), एकवचन (singular); सर्वनाम

• सैन्यम्: army
• सैन्यम्: Karma (कर्म/object)
• Type: Noun
• Root: सैन्य (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग (neuter), द्वितीया (Accusative/2nd), एकवचन (singular)

• अभिप्रायेण: with the intention / as per the plan
• अभिप्रायेण: Karana/Hetu (करण/हेतु)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अभिप्राय (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग (masculine), तृतीया (Instrumental/3rd), एकवचन (singular); हेतौ/प्रकारे (by intention/according to plan)

• सर्वतः: on all sides / everywhere
• सर्वतः: Adhikarana (अधिकरण/locative sense)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: सर्व (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: अव्यय (indeclinable), दिक्/देशवाचक (adverb of place)

• विश्रान्ताः: having rested
• विश्रान्ताः: Karta (कर्ता/subject—‘we’)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: वि-श्रम् (धातु) + क्त (प्रत्यय)
• Form: क्त-प्रत्ययान्त (past passive participle), पुंलिङ्ग (masculine), प्रथमा (Nominative/1st), बहुवचन (plural); कर्तरि प्रयोगे विशेषणम्

• प्रतरिष्यामः: we shall cross
• प्रतरिष्यामः: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: प्र-तॄ (धातु)
• Form: लृट् (Simple Future), उत्तमपुरुष (1st person), बहुवचन (plural); परस्मैपदम्

• श्वः: tomorrow
• श्वः: Kala-adhikarana (काल-अधिकरण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: श्वस्/श्वः (अव्यय-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: अव्यय (indeclinable), कालवाचक (adverb of time)

• इदानीम्: now
• इदानीम्: Kala-adhikarana (काल-अधिकरण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: इदानीम् (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय (indeclinable), कालवाचक (adverb of time)

• इमाम्: this
• इमाम्: Karma (कर्म/object—qualifier)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: इदम् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग (feminine), द्वितीया (Accusative/2nd), एकवचन (singular); सर्वनाम; विशेषणम्

• नदीम्: river
• नदीम्: Karma (कर्म/object)
• Type: Noun
• Root: नदी (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग (feminine), द्वितीया (Accusative/2nd), एकवचन (singular)

Context

As he beheld the army following him and the river Ganga of sacred waters in front of him, Bharata who was proficient in speech said to his ministers:

Characters & Entities

• Bharata
• Gaṅgā (implied as the river)
• Army

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Dharma as responsible command: Bharata prioritizes the welfare and readiness of his people—rest before crossing—showing that righteous leadership balances urgency with care and practical wisdom.

What is the narrative situation?

Bharata instructs his officials to set up camp by the river for the night and to plan the crossing for the next day.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Prudence and compassion in governance—he avoids exhausting the army and chooses a safer, orderly plan.