Ramayana — Ayodhya Kanda, Sarga 82, Shloka 5

भरतस्य धर्मप्रतिज्ञा तथा रामनिवर्तनयात्रा

Bharata’s Vow of Dharma and the Expedition to Recall Rama

Devanagari script

तात राजा दशरथ स्स्वर्गतो धर्ममाचरन्।धनधान्यवतीं स्फीतां प्रदाय पृथिवीं तव।।।।

Transliteration

tāta rājā daśarathaḥ svargato dharmam ācaran |

dhana-dhānya-vatīṃ sphītāṃ pradāya pṛthivīṃ tava ||

Translation

「わが子よ、王ダシャラタはダルマを行じて天に昇られた。財と穀に満ちたこの広大な国土を、そなたに託して。」

Word by Word

• तात: dear child
• तात: Sambodhana (सम्बोधन)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तात (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, सम्बोधन (8/सम्बोधन), एकवचन; address (vocative singular)

• राजा: king
• राजा: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: राजन् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1), एकवचन; nominative singular

• दशरथः: Dasaratha
• दशरथः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: दशरथ (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1), एकवचन; nominative singular (apposition to राजा)

• स्वर्गतः: having gone to heaven
• स्वर्गतः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: स्वर्गत (कृदन्त; √गम् धातु)
• Form: भूतकृदन्त (क्त), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1), एकवचन; past participle used adjectivally: 'gone to heaven'

• धर्मम्: righteousness/duty
• धर्मम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: धर्म (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2), एकवचन; accusative singular

• आचरन्: practising
• आचरन्: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √चर् (धातु)
• Form: लट्-लकारे शतृ (वर्तमानकृदन्त-प्राय), परस्मैपद; पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1), एकवचन; present participle: 'practising/following'

• धनधान्यवतीम्: abounding in wealth and grain
• धनधान्यवतीम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: धन-धान्य-वत् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2), एकवचन; accusative singular qualifying पृथिवीम्; 'possessing wealth and grain'

• स्फीताम्: prosperous/vast
• स्फीताम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: स्फीत (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2), एकवचन; accusative singular qualifying पृथिवीम्

• प्रदाय: having given
• प्रदाय: Purvakala-kriya (पूर्वकालक्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: प्र-√दा (धातु)
• Form: क्त्वान्त (absolutive/gerund); 'having given'

• पृथिवीम्: the kingdom/earth
• पृथिवीम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: पृथिवी (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2), एकवचन; accusative singular

• तव: to you/your
• तव: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/षष्ठी)
• Type: Noun
• Root: युष्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: षष्ठी (6), एकवचन; genitive singular pronoun

Context

O dear child! following the righteous path king Dasaratha conferred on you this vast kingdom abounding in wealth and grains before attaining heaven.

Characters & Entities

• Vasiṣṭha
• Bharata
• Daśaratha
• Kingdom (pṛthivī)

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Dharma frames political authority as a trust: the kingdom is ‘entrusted’ after a life of righteousness, implying rule must continue as moral stewardship.

What is the narrative situation?

Vasiṣṭha informs Bharata of Daśaratha’s passing and speaks of the transfer of royal responsibility.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Daśaratha’s dharmācaraṇa (practice of righteousness) as the foundation for legitimate kingship and succession.