Ramayana — Ayodhya Kanda, Sarga 79, Shloka 11

भरतस्य राज्यत्यागः तथा रामानयनप्रतिज्ञा

Bharata Rejects Kingship and Vows to Bring Rama Back

Devanagari script

तत्रैवं तं नरव्याघ्रमभिषिच्य पुरस्कृतम्।आनेष्यामि तु वै रामं हव्यवाहमिवाध्वरात्।।2.79.11।

Transliteration

tatraivaṃ taṃ naravyāghram abhiṣicya puraskṛtam |

āneṣyāmi tu vai rāmaṃ havyavāham ivādhvarāt ||

Translation

そこで、人中の虎たるラーマに灌頂の聖儀を施し、彼を先頭に立てて、必ず連れ帰る。あたかも祭祀から聖火を迎え出すように。

Word by Word

• तत्र: there
• तत्र: अधिकरण (Location)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तत्र (अव्यय)
• Form: देशवाचक अव्यय (locative adverb: there)

• एवम्: thus
• एवम्: प्रकार (Manner)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: एवम् (अव्यय)
• Form: प्रकारवाचक अव्यय (thus/in this way)

• तम्: him
• तम्: कर्म (Karma/Object)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: सर्वनाम; पुंलिङ्ग; द्वितीया; एकवचन

• नरव्याघ्रम्: tiger among men
• नरव्याघ्रम्: कर्म-विशेषण (Appositive to object)
• Type: Noun
• Root: नरव्याघ्र (प्रातिपदिक: नर + व्याघ्र)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग; द्वितीया; एकवचन; कर्मधारय (नरः एव व्याघ्रः = tiger among men)

• अभिषिच्य: having crowned
• अभिषिच्य: पूर्वक्रिया (Prior action)
• Type: Verb
• Root: अभि-षिच् (धातु)
• Form: क्त्वान्त (absolutive/gerund); ‘अभिषेकं कृत्वा’ (having anointed/crowned)

• पुरस्कृतम्: placed in front/led forth
• पुरस्कृतम्: कर्म-विशेषण (Qualifier of object)
• Type: Verb
• Root: पुरस्-कृ (धातु)
• Form: क्त (past passive participle); पुंलिङ्ग; द्वितीया; एकवचन; ‘पुरतः कृतम्’ (placed in front/led forth)

• आनेष्यामि: I shall bring
• आनेष्यामि: क्रिया (Main verb)
• Type: Verb
• Root: आ-नी (धातु)
• Form: लृट् (Simple Future); परस्मैपद; उत्तमपुरुष; एकवचन

• तु: indeed
• तु: निपात (Discourse particle)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तु (अव्यय)
• Form: निपात (particle: but/indeed)

• वै: certainly
• वै: निपात (Emphasis)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: वै (अव्यय)
• Form: निपात (emphatic particle)

• रामम्: Rama
• रामम्: कर्म (Karma/Object)
• Type: Noun
• Root: राम (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग; द्वितीया; एकवचन

• हव्यवाहम्: fire (carrier of oblations)
• हव्यवाहम्: उपमान (Upamana/Standard of comparison)
• Type: Noun
• Root: हव्यवाह (प्रातिपदिक: हव्य + वाह)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग; द्वितीया; एकवचन; तत्पुरुष (हव्यानि वहति = fire)

• इव: like
• इव: उपमा-सूचक (Comparator)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: इव (अव्यय)
• Form: उपमा-निपात (like)

• अध्वरात्: from the sacrifice (altar/rite)
• अध्वरात्: अपादान (Apadana/Source)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अध्वर (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग; पञ्चमी (5th/Ablative); एकवचन

Context

After coronating Rama, the best of men, there itself, I will definitely bring him back, letting him go ahead of me, like the sacred fire carried from the place of sacrifice.

Characters & Entities

• Bharata
• Rāma
• Sacrificial fire (havyavāha/agni)

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Dharma links rulership with sacred order: Bharata frames Rāma’s return and coronation as restoring cosmic and social correctness, like preserving ritual fire.

What is the narrative situation?

Bharata vows not only to crown Rāma but to escort him back with honor, using a Vedic simile to stress sanctity.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Reverence (bhakti/śraddhā) toward rightful authority: Bharata treats Rāma’s kingship as inviolable.