Valmiki Ramayana 2.75.57 — Ayodhya Kanda, Sarga 75, Shloka 57

अयोध्याकाण्डे पञ्चसप्ततितमः सर्गः

Sarga 75: Bharata and Kausalya—Reproach, Oaths, and Reconciliation

Devanagari script

तुर्ष्णार्तं सति पानीये विप्रलम्भेन योजयेत्।लभेत तस्य यत्पापं यस्यार्योऽनुमते गतः।।।।

Transliteration

tṛṣṇārtaṃ sati pānīye vipralambhena yojayet | labheta tasya yat pāpaṃ yasya āryo 'numate gataḥ ||

Translation

我が高貴なる兄が追放されたのはその者の承認によるのだから、願わくはその者が、水があるにもかかわらず、渇きに苦しむ者を欺いて弄び、救いを与えぬよう企てる者の罪を受けんことを。

Word by Word

• तुर्ष्णार्तम्: one afflicted by thirst
• तुर्ष्णार्तम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: तृष्णा + आर्त (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: तत्पुरुष-समास; पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन; विशेषणवत् (implicit person)

• सति: when there is/while present
• सति: Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अस् (धातु) + शतृ (कृदन्त)
• Form: सप्तमी-सम्बन्धे शतृन्त (locative absolute), अव्ययीभाववत् प्रयोग; 'being/when there is'

• पानीये: in water (available)
• पानीये: Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: पानीय (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, सप्तमी-विभक्ति, एकवचन; अधिकरण

• विप्रलम्भेन: by deception
• विप्रलम्भेन: Karana (करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: विप्रलम्भ (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन; करण

• योजयेत्: may engage/subject (him)
• योजयेत्: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: युज् (धातु)
• Form: विधिलिङ् (Optative), प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन; परस्मैपद

• लभेत: may obtain
• लभेत: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: लभ् (धातु)
• Form: विधिलिङ् (Optative), प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन; आत्मनेपद

• तस्य: of him
• तस्य: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/षष्ठी)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: षष्ठी-विभक्ति, एकवचन

• यत्: whatever
• यत्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: यद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन

• पापम्: sin
• पापम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: पाप (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन

• यस्य: whose
• यस्य: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/षष्ठी)
• Type: Noun
• Root: यद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: षष्ठी-विभक्ति, एकवचन

• आर्यः: the noble one
• आर्यः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: आर्य (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन

• अनुमते: with consent
• अनुमते: Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अनुमति (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, सप्तमी-विभक्ति, एकवचन

• गतः: has gone/was exiled
• गतः: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: गम् (धातु) + क्त (कृदन्त)
• Form: भूतकृदन्त (क्त), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन

Context

May the one who counselled the exile of my esteemed brother acquire the sin in the same way a person who in possession of water does not give it to one suffering fromthirst acquires it!

Characters & Entities

• Bharata
• Rama (ārya)
• water (pānīya)

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Withholding essential aid through deception is a direct violation of compassion and truth; dharma demands honest help when one has the capacity to relieve suffering.

What is the narrative situation?

Bharata equates the exile’s sanction with a calculated cruelty: denying water to the thirsty despite possessing it.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Empathy and straightforwardness (satya): Bharata condemns not only harm but the deceitful intention behind it.