Ramayana — Ayodhya Kanda, Sarga 69, Shloka 3

भरतस्य दुःस्वप्नदर्शनम्

Bharata’s Ominous Dream

Devanagari script

तप्यमानं समाज्ञाय वयस्याः प्रियवादिनः।आयासं हि विनेष्यन्त स्सभायां चक्रिरे कथाः।।।।

Transliteration

tapyamānaṃ samājñāya vayasyāḥ priyavādinaḥ |

āyāsaṃ hi vineṣyantas sabhāyāṃ cakrire kathāḥ ||

Translation

彼が悲嘆に焼かれているのを悟ると、言葉やさしい同輩の友らは、集会の中でさまざまな語らいを起こし、その憂いと疲れを払おうとした。

Word by Word

• tapyamānam: (him) being distressed
• tapyamānam: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: tap (धातु)
• Form: वर्तमानकृदन्त (present participle passive/शानच्-मान), पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन; कर्म (object of samājñāya)

• samājñāya: having noticed
• samājñāya: Purvakala (पूर्वकालः)
• Type: Verb
• Root: sam-ā-jñā (धातु)
• Form: क्त्वान्त (absolutive), पूर्वकाल (having understood/observed)

• vayasyāḥ: companions/peers
• vayasyāḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: vayasya (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन; कर्ता

• priyavādinaḥ: speaking pleasing words
• priyavādinaḥ: Visheshana (विशेषणम्)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: priya + vādin (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: तत्पुरुष (कर्मधारयवत्: 'priyaṃ vadanti'), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन; विशेषणम् (vayasyāḥ)

• āyāsam: distress/fatigue
• āyāsam: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: āyāsa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन; कर्म (object of vineṣyantaḥ)

• hi: indeed/for
• hi: Sambandha (सम्बन्धः)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: hi (अव्यय)
• Form: हेतौ/निश्चय (particle: indeed/for)

• vineṣyantaḥ: intending to remove
• vineṣyantaḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: vi-nī (धातु) [future participle/शतृ?]
• Form: भविष्यत्कृदन्त (intended action; 'about to remove'/इच्छार्थक), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन; विशेषणम् (vayasyāḥ)

• sabhāyām: in the assembly
• sabhāyām: Adhikarana (अधिकरणम्)
• Type: Noun
• Root: sabhā (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, सप्तमी, एकवचन; अधिकरणे

• cakrire: made/did
• cakrire: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: kṛ (धातु)
• Form: लिट् (Perfect/लिट्), आत्मनेपदम्, प्रथमपुरुष, बहुवचन

• kathāḥ: talks/stories
• kathāḥ: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: kathā (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया/प्रथमा, बहुवचन; अत्र द्वितीया (object of cakrire: 'made talks')

Context

On observing the course of this nightmare, with all those images formerly unconceived and having thought of the king's incomprehensible presence, a great fear that has gripped my heart does not leave me.ityārṣē śrīmadrāmāyaṇē vālmīkīya ādikāvyē ayōdhyākāṇḍē ēkōnasaptatitamassargaḥ৷৷Thus ends the sixtyninth sarga in Ayodhyakanda of the holy Ramayana, the first epic composed by sage Valmiki

Characters & Entities

• Bharata
• assembly (sabhā)

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Dharma here appears as compassion and responsible companionship: friends respond to another’s suffering by trying to relieve it through supportive presence and speech.

What is the narrative situation?

Bharata is seen distressed; his companions in the royal assembly attempt to distract and comfort him through conversation.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Empathy and considerate friendship—speaking gently and acting to reduce another’s mental burden.