Ramayana — Ayodhya Kanda, Sarga 56, Shloka 13

चित्रकूटगमनम् तथा पर्णशालाप्रवेशः

Arrival at Chitrakuta and Establishing the Leaf-Hut

Devanagari script

तन्तु पर्वतमासाद्य नानापक्षिगणायुतम्।बहुमूलफलं रम्यं सम्पन्नं सरसोदकम्।।।।

Transliteration

taṁ tu parvatam āsādya nānāpakṣigaṇāyutam | bahumūlaphalaṁ ramyaṁ sampannaṁ sarasodakam ||

Translation

その山に至ると——さまざまな鳥の群れが満ち——根と果実に富み、眺めも麗しく、澄んで心地よい池水に恵まれていた。ラーマはなお語り続けた。

Word by Word

• tam: that
• tam: Karma (Object/कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Puṃliṅga, Dvitīyā, Ekavacana

• tu: but, then
• tu: Sambandha (Discourse particle/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: tu (अव्यय)
• Form: Avyaya; contrastive particle (tu/तु)

• parvatam: mountain
• parvatam: Karma (Object/कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: parvata (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Puṃliṅga, Dvitīyā, Ekavacana

• āsādya: having reached
• āsādya: Pūrvakāla-kriyā (Prior action/पूर्वकाल-क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: ā-√sad (सद् धातु)
• Form: Absolutive/Gerund (क्त्वा-प्रत्यय; ल्यप्)

• nānā-pakṣi-gaṇa-āyutam: filled with many kinds of flocks of birds
• nānā-pakṣi-gaṇa-āyutam: Viśeṣaṇa (Qualifier/विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: nānā + pakṣi + gaṇa + āyuta (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Napuṃsaka, Dvitīyā, Ekavacana; tatpuruṣa ‘filled with groups of various birds’

• bahu-mūla-phalam: rich in roots and fruits
• bahu-mūla-phalam: Viśeṣaṇa (Qualifier/विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: bahu + mūla + phala (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Napuṃsaka, Dvitīyā, Ekavacana; tatpuruṣa ‘having many roots and fruits’

• ramyam: lovely
• ramyam: Viśeṣaṇa (Qualifier/विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: ramya (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Napuṃsaka, Dvitīyā, Ekavacana

• sampannam: abundant, well-provided
• sampannam: Viśeṣaṇa (Qualifier/विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: sam-panna (कृदन्त; √pad धातु)
• Form: Napuṃsaka, Dvitīyā, Ekavacana; PPP (क्त) ‘endowed, abundant’

• sarasa-udakam: with sweet/tasty water
• sarasa-udakam: Viśeṣaṇa (Qualifier/विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: sarasa + udaka (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Napuṃsaka, Dvitīyā, Ekavacana; karmadhāraya ‘tasty water’

Context

O gentle one! this enchanting mountain with different kinds of trees and creepers and many roots and fruits appears to be a happy place to live in.

Characters & Entities

• Rama
• Mountain (giri/parvata)
• Birds (pakṣi-gaṇa)

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Dharma is supported by a fitting environment: the verse shows a place where a righteous life of restraint can be sustained without harm—nature provides what is needed for honorable living.

What is the narrative situation?

The narration describes Rama’s arrival at a mountain region abundant in birds, edible roots/fruits, and good water—setting the stage for the group’s next decision.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Rama’s discernment—choosing a suitable, non-exploitative refuge aligned with a dharmic forest life.