Valmiki Ramayana 2.46.14: Ayodhya Kanda, Sarga 46, Shloka 14

तमसातीरवासः

Night on the Bank of the Tamasa and the Stratagem to Elude the Citizens

Devanagari script

तां शय्यां तमसातीरे वीक्ष्य वृक्षदलैः कृताम्।रामः सौमित्रिणा सार्धं सभार्यस्संविवेश ह।।2.46.14।।

Sanskrit recitationValmiki Ramayana 2.46.14

Transliteration

tāṁ śayyāṁ tamasā-tīre vīkṣya vṛkṣa-dalaiḥ kṛtām | rāmaḥ saumitriṇā sārdhaṁ sa-bhāryaḥ saṁviveśa ha ||2.46.14||

Translation

タマサーの岸に木の葉で作られたその床を見て、ラーマはサウミトリと妃とともにそこに身を横たえた。

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Word by Word

• ताम्: that
• ताम्: Visheshana (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया विभक्ति, एकवचन; विशेषण (qualifies शय्याम्)

• शय्याम्: bed
• शय्याम्: Karma (कर्म/object of वीक्ष्य)
• Type: Noun
• Root: शय्या (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया विभक्ति, एकवचन

• तमसातीरे: on the bank of Tamasa
• तमसातीरे: Adhikarana (अधिकरण/location)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तमसा + तीर (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: सप्तमी विभक्ति (Locative), एकवचन, नपुंसकलिङ्ग; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष: तमसायाः तीरम्

• वीक्ष्य: having seen
• वीक्ष्य: Kriya-viseshana (क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Verb
• Root: वि + ईक्ष् (धातु; ‘to look/see’)
• Form: क्त्वान्त (Absolutive/Gerund), अव्यय; ‘having seen’

• वृक्षदलैः: with leaves of trees
• वृक्षदलैः: Karana (करण/instrument/material)
• Type: Noun
• Root: वृक्ष + दल (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: तृतीया विभक्ति (Instrumental), बहुवचन, नपुंसकलिङ्ग; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष: वृक्षस्य दलानि

• कृताम्: made
• कृताम्: Visheshana (विशेषण)
• Type: Verb
• Root: कृ (धातु)
• Form: क्त-प्रत्यय (Past participle), स्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन; विशेषण (qualifies शय्याम्)

• रामः: Rama
• रामः: Karta (कर्ता/subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: राम (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: प्रथमा विभक्ति, एकवचन, पुल्लिङ्ग

• सौमित्रिणा: with Lakshmana
• सौमित्रिणा: Sahakari (सहकारी/accompaniment)
• Type: Noun
• Root: सौमित्रि (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: तृतीया विभक्ति, एकवचन, पुल्लिङ्ग

• सार्धम्: together with
• सार्धम्: Sahartha (सहार्थ)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: सार्धम् (अव्यय)
• Form: सह-योगार्थक-अव्यय (with, together)

• सभार्यः: along with (his) wife
• सभार्यः: Kriya-viseshana (क्रियाविशेषण/ अवस्था)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: स + भार्या (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुल्लिङ्ग, प्रथमा विभक्ति, एकवचन; अव्ययीभाव: सभार्य = ‘with (his) wife’

• संविवेश: lay down, entered (rest)
• संविवेश: Kriya (क्रिया/predicate)
• Type: Verb
• Root: सम् + विश् (धातु; ‘to enter/lie down’)
• Form: लिट्-लकार (Perfect), प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन, परस्मैपद

• ह: indeed
• ह: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ह (अव्यय)
• Form: निपात (particle), प्रसिद्ध्यर्थ

Context

Having seen the bed of leaves made ready on the bank of Tamasa, Rama lay down there along with Sita and Lakshmana.

Characters & Entities

• Rama
• Sita
• Lakshmana (Saumitri)
• Tamasa (river)

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Dharma is shown as acceptance of austere living without complaint: Rama embraces the simplicity of forest life while maintaining family unity and composure.

What is the narrative situation?

The party halts by the Tamasa river; a bed of leaves is arranged, and Rama rests with Sita and Lakshmana.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Steadfastness and restraint: Rama’s calm acceptance of hardship at the start of exile.