Valmiki Ramayana 2.45.31: Ayodhya Kanda, Sarga 45, Shloka 31

अयोध्यावासिजनानुरागः

The People and Brahmins Follow Rama toward Exile

Devanagari script

निश्चेष्टाहारसञ्चारा वृक्षैकस्थानविष्ठिताः।पक्षिणोऽपि प्रयाचन्ते सर्वभूतानुकम्पिनम्।।।।

Sanskrit recitationValmiki Ramayana 2.45.31

Transliteration

niśceṣṭāhārasañcārā vṛkṣaikasthānaviṣṭhitāḥ | pakṣiṇo 'pi prayācante sarvabhūtānukampinam ||

Translation

鳥たちさえも食を求めるのをやめ、木々の同じ場所にじっと留まり、あらゆる生きとし生けるものに憐れみを注ぐ御方に、嘆願しているかのようである。

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Word by Word

• niśceṣṭa-āhāra-sañcārāḥ: with inactive feeding and movement (not foraging/wandering)
• niśceṣṭa-āhāra-sañcārāḥ: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण) of pakṣiṇaḥ
• Type: Adjective
• Root: niśceṣṭa (कृदन्त/प्रातिपदिक) + āhāra (प्रातिपदिक) + sañcāra (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Puṃliṅga (Masculine), Prathamā vibhakti (Nominative/1st), Bahuvacana (Plural); samāsa: niśceṣṭaḥ āhāraḥ ca sañcāraḥ ca yeṣām (having inactive feeding and movement)

• vṛkṣa-eka-sthāna-viṣṭhitāḥ: perched in one place on a tree
• vṛkṣa-eka-sthāna-viṣṭhitāḥ: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण) of pakṣiṇaḥ
• Type: Adjective
• Root: vṛkṣa (प्रातिपदिक) + eka (प्रातिपदिक) + sthāna (प्रातिपदिक) + viṣṭhita (कृदन्त/प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Puṃliṅga (Masculine), Prathamā (Nominative/1st), Bahuvacana (Plural); samāsa: vṛkṣe eka-sthāne viṣṭhitāḥ (perched/settled in one place on a tree)

• pakṣiṇaḥ: birds
• pakṣiṇaḥ: Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: pakṣin (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Puṃliṅga (Masculine), Prathamā (Nominative/1st), Bahuvacana (Plural)

• api: even
• api: Sambandha-bodhaka (सम्बन्ध/particle)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: api (अव्यय)
• Form: Avyaya; nipāta (particle) meaning 'even/also'

• prayācante: implore
• prayācante: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: pra√yāc (धातु)
• Form: Laṭ lakāra (Present), Prathama puruṣa (3rd person), Bahuvacana (Plural), Ātmanepada; meaning 'they beg/implore'

• sarva-bhūta-anukampinam: the compassionate one to all beings
• sarva-bhūta-anukampinam: Karma (कर्म/Object) of prayācante
• Type: Adjective
• Root: sarva (प्रातिपदिक) + bhūta (प्रातिपदिक) + anukampin (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Puṃliṅga (Masculine), Dvitīyā vibhakti (Accusative/2nd), Ekavacana (Singular); samāsa: sarveṣu bhūteṣu anukampī (compassionate towards all beings)

Context

Even the birds instead of foraging for food are sitting motionless on the trees at one place. They are imploring you, you who are compassionate to all creatures, to return to Ayodhya.

Characters & Entities

• Rama
• birds (pakṣi)
• trees (vṛkṣa)
• all beings (sarvabhūta)

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Compassion is a hallmark of dharma: the righteous are defined by kindness toward all beings, and that compassion draws the world’s trust.

What is the narrative situation?

The narration depicts birds halting their normal activity, as if participating in the collective plea for Rama to return.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Universal compassion (sarvabhūtānukampā): benevolence extending beyond humans to all life.