Valmiki Ramayana 2.45.17: Ayodhya Kanda, Sarga 45, Shloka 17

अयोध्यावासिजनानुरागः

The People and Brahmins Follow Rama toward Exile

Devanagari script

एवमार्तप्रलापांस्तान् वृद्धान् प्रलपतो द्विजान्।अवेक्ष्य सहसा रामो रथादवततार ह।।।।

Sanskrit recitationValmiki Ramayana 2.45.17

Transliteration

evam ārta-pralāpāṃs tān vृद्धān pralapato dvijān |

avekṣya sahasā rāmo rathād avatātāra ha ||

Translation

年老いたバラモンたちが痛切に嘆き訴えるのを見て、ラーマはただちに車から降り立った。

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Word by Word

• evam: thus
• evam: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: evam (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय, प्रकारवाचक (manner adverb: 'thus')

• ārta-pralāpān: pitiful lamentations
• ārta-pralāpān: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: ārta + pralāpa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: कर्मधारय-समास ('pitiful' + 'lamentations'); पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, बहुवचन

• tān: those
• tān: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, बहुवचन; सर्वनाम

• vṛddhān: aged
• vṛddhān: Visheshana (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: vṛddha (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, बहुवचन; विशेषण of dvijān

• pralapataḥ: lamenting, speaking
• pralapataḥ: Visheshana (विशेषण)
• Type: Verb
• Root: pra-√lap (लप् धातु) + śatṛ (शतृ)
• Form: कृदन्त (present active participle), पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, बहुवचन; विशेषण of dvijān

• dvijān: brahmins
• dvijān: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: dvija (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, बहुवचन

• avekṣya: having seen
• avekṣya: Purvakala (पूर्वकाल)
• Type: Verb
• Root: ava-√īkṣ (ईक्ष् धातु) + lyap (ल्यप्)
• Form: ल्यबन्त (absolutive/gerund), अव्ययभाव; पूर्वकाल: 'having seen'

• sahasā: immediately
• sahasā: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: sahasā (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय, शीघ्रार्थ (adverb: 'suddenly/immediately')

• rāmaḥ: Rama
• rāmaḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: rāma (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

• rathāt: from the chariot
• rathāt: Apadana (अपादान)
• Type: Noun
• Root: ratha (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, पञ्चमी (5th/Ablative), एकवचन

• avatatāra: alighted, descended
• avatatāra: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: ava-√tṝ (तॄ धातु)
• Form: लिट् (Perfect), प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन; परस्मैपद

• ha: indeed (narrative)
• ha: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ha (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय, स्मरण/वृत्तान्तसूचक (narrative particle)

Context

Then Rama along with Sita and Lakshmana began walking on foot with slow steps towards the forest.

Characters & Entities

• Rama
• brahmins (dvija)
• chariot

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Dharma here is expressed as immediate compassion and respect: Rama does not ignore the suffering of elders and spiritual leaders.

What is the narrative situation?

Brahmins are lamenting as Rama departs; Rama notices them and promptly gets down from the chariot.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Rama’s empathy and humility—he responds physically and immediately to others’ distress.