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Ramayana — Ayodhya Kanda, Sarga 40, Shloka 40

प्रयाणवर्णनम्

Departure from Ayodhya; Civic Lament and the Chariot’s Urgency

स बद्ध इव पाशेन किशोरो मातरं यथा।धर्मपाशेन सङ्क्षिप्तः प्रकाशं नाभ्युदैक्षत।।।।

sa baddha iva pāśena kiśoro mātaraṃ yathā | dharmapāśena saṅkṣiptaḥ prakāśaṃ nābhyudaikṣata ||

縄に縛られた幼い仔馬が母をはっきり見られぬように、ダルマの縄に引き留められたラーマも、両親をあからさまに見つめることができなかった。

सःhe (Rama)
सः:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/प्रथमा), एकवचन; सर्वनाम (pronoun)
बद्धःbound/fastened
बद्धः:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeAdjective
Rootबन्ध् (धातु)
Formक्त-प्रत्ययान्त (past passive participle), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; विशेषण
इवas if/like
इव:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/उपमा)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइव (अव्यय)
Formउपमा-वाचक अव्यय (particle of comparison)
पाशेनwith a noose/cord
पाशेन:
Karana (करण)
TypeNoun
Rootपाश (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया (3rd/तृतीया), एकवचन; करण (instrument)
किशोरःa foal/young animal
किशोरः:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootकिशोर (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; उपमान (standard of comparison)
मातरम्mother
मातरम्:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootमातृ (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/द्वितीया), एकवचन
यथाjust as
यथा:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/उपमा)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयथा (अव्यय)
Formउपमा/प्रकार-वाचक अव्यय (as/just as)
धर्मपाशेनby the bond/noose of duty
धर्मपाशेन:
Karana (करण)
TypeNoun
Rootधर्म + पाश (प्रातिपदिक)
Formतत्पुरुष-समास (षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष: धर्मस्य पाशः), पुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया, एकवचन; करण
सङ्क्षिप्तःrestrained/held back
सङ्क्षिप्तः:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeAdjective
Rootसम् + क्षिप् (धातु)
Formक्त-प्रत्ययान्त, पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; विशेषण
प्रकाशम्clearly/light (i.e., clarity)
प्रकाशम्:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootप्रकाश (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन; कर्म
not
:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootन (अव्यय)
Formनिषेध-अव्यय (negation particle)
अभ्युदैक्षतlooked/saw
अभ्युदैक्षत:
Kriya (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootअभि + उद् + ईक्ष् (धातु)
Formलङ्-लकार (Imperfect/past), परस्मैपद, प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन

Like a fastened foal cannot see its mother, Rama restrained by bonds of duty could not see his parents clearly.

R
Rāma
D
dharma (as binding principle)

FAQs

Dharma is portrayed as a binding force that restrains personal impulse. Rāma’s adherence to truth and duty limits even natural emotional responses, showing moral discipline.

As Rāma proceeds into exile, he is emotionally constrained; he cannot openly look at his grieving parents, being “bound” by duty.

Rāma’s self-control (saṃyama) and unwavering commitment to dharma, even when it intensifies personal sorrow.