Valmiki Ramayana 2.34.13: Ayodhya Kanda, Sarga 34, Shloka 13

रामदर्शनार्थं दारानयनम्

The Queens Summoned; Rama’s Leave-Taking and Dasaratha’s Collapse

Devanagari script

अर्धसप्तशतास्तास्तु प्रमदास्ताम्रलोचनाः।कौसल्यां परिवार्याथ शनैर्जग्मुर्धृतव्रताः।।।।

Sanskrit recitationValmiki Ramayana 2.34.13

Transliteration

ardhasaptaśatās tās tu pramadās tāmrālocanāḥ | kausalyāṃ parivāryātha śanair jagmur dhṛtavratāḥ ||

Translation

やがて、三百五十人の女たちは、悲しみに目を赤くし、誓いを堅く守りつつ、カウサリヤーを取り囲んで、ゆるやかに進んだ。

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Word by Word

• अर्धसप्तशताः: three hundred and fifty
• अर्धसप्तशताः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अर्ध + सप्तशत (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन; द्विगु-समासः (सप्तशतस्य अर्धम् = 350)

• ताः: those
• ताः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन

• तु: but/and
• तु: Nipata (निपात)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तु (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चय/विरोधार्थक-अव्यय (particle)

• प्रमदाः: women
• प्रमदाः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: प्रमदा (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन

• ताम्रलोचनाः: copper-eyed
• ताम्रलोचनाः: Visheshana (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: ताम्र + लोचन (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन; बहुव्रीहिः (ताम्रे लोचने यस्याः)

• कौसल्याम्: to Kausalya
• कौसल्याम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: कौसल्या (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd case), एकवचन; गत्यर्थे कर्म (object of motion)

• परिवार्य: having surrounded
• परिवार्य: Purvakala (पूर्वकाल-क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: परि + वृ (धातु)
• Form: क्त्वान्त (absolutive), अव्ययभाव; ‘having surrounded/escorted’

• अथ: then
• अथ: Nipata (निपात)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अथ (अव्यय)
• Form: अनन्तरार्थक-अव्यय (then/thereafter)

• शनैः: slowly
• शनैः: Prakara (प्रकार)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: शनैः (अव्यय)
• Form: रीतिवाचक-अव्यय (manner adverb: slowly)

• जग्मुः: went
• जग्मुः: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: गम् (धातु)
• Form: लिट्-लकार (perfect), प्रथमपुरुष, बहुवचन; परस्मैपद

• धृतव्रताः: steadfast in vows
• धृतव्रताः: Visheshana (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: धृत + व्रत (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन; बहुव्रीहिः (धृतं व्रतं यासाम्)

Context

Thereafter, Kausalya surrounded by three hundred and fifty ladies who were faithful to their vows, reached there slowly with their eyes turned copper-red (in grief).

Characters & Entities

• Kausalyā

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Steadfastness in duty even amid sorrow: the women maintain composure and observance (vrata) while responding to the king’s summons.

What is the narrative situation?

A large group of palace women, emotionally shaken, proceed with Kausalyā toward the king.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Collective fidelity and self-control—discipline in conduct despite grief.