Valmiki Ramayana 2.3.48 — Ayodhya Kanda, Sarga 3, Shloka 48

यौवराज्याभिषेक-उपकल्पनम्

Preparations for Rama’s Installation as Yuvaraja

Devanagari script

अथाऽभिवाद्य राजानं रथमारुह्य राघवः।।।।ययौ स्वं द्युतिमद्वेश्म जनौघैः प्रतिपूजितः।

Transliteration

athābhivādya rājānaṁ ratham āruhya rāghavaḥ |

yayau svaṁ dyutimad veśma janaughaiḥ pratipūjitaḥ ||

Translation

それからラグハヴァは王に礼拝して挨拶を捧げ、車に乗り、自らの光り輝く邸へと向かった。人々の群れは彼を敬って見送った。

Word by Word

• te: they
• te: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (कर्ता), बहुवचन

• ca: and
• ca: Samucchaya (समुच्चय)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ca (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चय-अव्यय

• api: also
• api: Sambandha-bodhaka (सम्बन्धबोधक)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: api (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चय-अव्यय (also)

• paurāḥ: citizens
• paurāḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: paura (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (कर्ता), बहुवचन

• nṛpateḥ: of the king
• nṛpateḥ: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: nṛpati (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी (सम्बन्ध), एकवचन

• vacaḥ: speech, proclamation
• vacaḥ: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: vacas (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (कर्म), एकवचन

• tat: that
• tat: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: tad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन; विशेषणम् (वचः)

• śrutvā: having heard
• śrutvā: Kriya-visheṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Verb
• Root: śru (धातु)
• Form: क्त्वान्त-अव्यय (Gerund)

• tathā: thus
• tathā: Kriya-visheṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: tathā (अव्यय)
• Form: प्रकार-अव्यय (so, thus)

• lābham: a gain
• lābham: Upameya (उपमेय)
• Type: Noun
• Root: lābha (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन; उपमेय-प्रयोगः

• iva: as if, like
• iva: Upamāna-marker (उपमानसूचक)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: iva (अव्यय)
• Form: उपमा-अव्यय

• iṣṭam: dear, desired
• iṣṭam: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: iṣṭa (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन; विशेषणम् (लाभम्—प्रियवत्)

• āśu: immediately
• āśu: Kriya-visheṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: āśu (अव्यय)
• Form: काल/शीघ्रता-अव्यय (quickly, immediately)

• narendram: the king
• narendram: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: narendra (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (कर्म), एकवचन; तत्पुरुषः—‘नराणाम् इन्द्रः’

• āmantrya: having taken leave of
• āmantrya: Kriya-visheṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Verb
• Root: ā-mantr (धातु)
• Form: क्त्वान्त-अव्यय (Gerund), ‘having taken leave/asked permission’

• gṛhāṇi: homes
• gṛhāṇi: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: gṛha (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (कर्म/गन्तव्य), बहुवचन

• gatvā: having gone
• gatvā: Kriya-visheṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Verb
• Root: gam (धातु)
• Form: क्त्वान्त-अव्यय (Gerund), ‘having gone’

• devān: the gods
• devān: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: deva (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (कर्म), बहुवचन

• samānarcuḥ: worshipped
• samānarcuḥ: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: sam-ā-arc (धातु)
• Form: लिट्-लकार (Perfect), परस्मैपद, प्रथमपुरुष, बहुवचन

• ati-prahṛṣṭāḥ: overjoyed
• ati-prahṛṣṭāḥ: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: ati (अव्यय) + prahṛṣṭa (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन; अव्ययीभावः—‘अति’ + ‘प्रहृष्ट’ (very delighted); विशेषणम् (पौराः)

Context

Having paid his obeisance to the king, Rama ascended the chariot amidst the acclaim of multitudes of men and left for his splendid abode.

Characters & Entities

• Rāma (Rāghava)
• Daśaratha
• ratha (chariot)

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Maryādā and respect for elders: Rāma’s salutation to the king exemplifies disciplined conduct and truthful alignment with social and royal duty.

What is the narrative situation?

After the court proceedings, Rāma respectfully takes leave and returns home amid public acclaim.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Rāma’s humility and propriety, shown by honoring his father-king before departing.