Shloka 14

शूर्पणखाविरूपणम्

The Disfigurement of Śūrpaṇakhā

Devanagari script

सा रामं पर्णशालायामुपविष्टं परन्तपम्।सीतया सह दुर्दर्षमब्रवीत्काममोहिता।।।।

Transliteration

sā rāmaṃ parṇaśālāyām upaviṣṭaṃ parantapam | sītayā saha durdarṣam abravīt kāmamohitā ||

Translation

欲に惑わされ、彼女はシーターとともに葉の庵に座すラーマ—敵を焼き滅ぼし、攻め難き勇者—に語りかけた。

Word by Word

• सा: she
• सा: कर्ता (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

• रामम्: Rāma
• रामम्: कर्म (Object/कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: rāma (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन

• पर्णशालायाम्: in the leaf-hut
• पर्णशालायाम्: अधिकरण (Locative/अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: parṇa + śālā (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (Locative/7th), एकवचन; तत्पुरुष: पर्णैः कृता शाला (leaf-hut)

• उपविष्टम्: seated
• उपविष्टम्: कर्म-विशेषण (Qualifier of object)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: upa + √viś (विश् धातु)
• Form: भूतकृदन्त (Past participle), पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन; रामम् विशेषयति

• परन्तपम्: tormentor of foes
• परन्तपम्: कर्म-विशेषण (Epithet of object)
• Type: Noun
• Root: paraṃ + tapa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन; तत्पुरुष: परान् तपयति इति (tormentor of foes)

• सीतया: with Sītā
• सीतया: सहयोग (Accompaniment/सह)
• Type: Noun
• Root: sītā (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, तृतीया, एकवचन

• सह: together with
• सह: सहयोग (Accompaniment marker)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: saha (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; सहार्थक

• दुर्दर्षम्: formidable
• दुर्दर्षम्: कर्म-विशेषण (Qualifier of object)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: dur + darśa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन; उपसर्गपूर्वक-तत्पुरुष: दुर्-दर्शः (hard to face/approach)

• अब्रवीत्: said
• अब्रवीत्: क्रिया (Verb/क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √brū (ब्रू धातु)
• Form: लङ् (Imperfect), प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन, परस्मैपद

• काममोहिता: deluded by passion
• काममोहिता: कर्ता-विशेषण (Qualifier of subject)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: kāma + mohitā (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक; √muh मुह्)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; तत्पुरुष: कामेन मोहिता (deluded by desire)

Context

Deluded with passion, Surpanakha said to formidable Rama, the scorcher of foes, seated in the leaf-thatched hut along with Sita:

Characters & Entities

• Śūrpaṇakhā
• Rāma
• Sītā
• Parṇaśālā (leaf-thatched hut)

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

The verse frames kāma as moha (delusion) that drives one to violate boundaries; dharma protects household sanctity and respect for another’s marriage.

What is the narrative situation?

Śūrpaṇakhā confronts Rāma again while he is seated with Sītā in their forest hut.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Rāma’s steadfastness and protective role are implied by epithets like ‘parantapa’ and ‘durdarṣa’ even in a domestic setting.