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Shloka 4

Kārttika-vrata Discipline: Purity Rules, Morning Bath Saṅkalpa, Tilaka Injunctions, and Food Prohibitions

पथ्यंभसि च गोष्ठेषु श्मशाने वल्मिके द्विज । कुर्यादुत्सर्जनं नैव व्रती मूत्रपुरीषयोः

pathyaṃbhasi ca goṣṭheṣu śmaśāne valmike dvija | kuryādutsarjanaṃ naiva vratī mūtrapurīṣayoḥ

再生者よ、誓戒を守る者は、飲用に適う清らかな水の中、牛舎、火葬地、また蟻塚の上で、尿や糞を決して排してはならない。

pathyāmbhasiin/at wholesome water (a proper water-place)
pathyāmbhasi:
Adhikarana (Location/अधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootpathya (प्रातिपदिक) + ambhas (प्रातिपदिक)
Formकर्मधारय-समासः (‘पथ्यम् अम्भः’ = wholesome water); नपुंसकलिङ्ग (n.), सप्तमी-विभक्तिः (Locative/7th), एकवचनम् (singular)
caand
ca:
Sambandha (Connector/सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootca (च)
Formअव्ययम्; समुच्चयार्थक-निपातः (conjunction)
goṣṭheṣuin cow-sheds/cattle-enclosures
goṣṭheṣu:
Adhikarana (Location/अधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootgoṣṭha (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग (m.)/नपुंसकलिङ्ग (n.) (प्रयोगे बहुधा पुंलिङ्गः), सप्तमी-विभक्तिः (Locative/7th), बहुवचनम् (plural)
śmaśānein a cremation ground
śmaśāne:
Adhikarana (Location/अधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootśmaśāna (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग (n.), सप्तमी-विभक्तिः (Locative/7th), एकवचनम् (singular)
valmikeat an anthill
valmike:
Adhikarana (Location/अधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootvalmīka (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग (m.), सप्तमी-विभक्तिः (Locative/7th), एकवचनम् (singular)
dvijaO twice-born
dvija:
Sambodhana (Address/सम्बोधन)
TypeNoun
Rootdvija (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग (m.), सम्बोधन-विभक्तिः (Vocative), एकवचनम् (singular)
kuryātshould do
kuryāt:
Kriya (Verb/क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootkṛ (कृ-धातु)
Formविधिलिङ् (Optative), परस्मैपदम्, प्रथमपुरुषः (3rd person), एकवचनम् (singular)
utsarjanamdischarge/evacuation
utsarjanam:
Karma (Object/कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootut-√sṛj (सृज्-धातु) + ana (प्रत्यय) (प्रातिपदिक: उत्सर्जन)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग (n.), द्वितीया-विभक्तिः (Accusative/2nd), एकवचनम् (singular)
nanot
na:
Pratiṣedha (Negation/निषेध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootna (न)
Formअव्ययम्; निषेधार्थक-निपातः (negation particle)
evaindeed/at all
eva:
Avadharana (Emphasis/अवधारण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rooteva (एव)
Formअव्ययम्; अवधारणार्थक-निपातः (emphatic particle)
vratīone observing a vow
vratī:
Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootvratin (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग (m.), प्रथमा-विभक्तिः (Nominative/1st), एकवचनम् (singular)
mūtra-purīṣayoḥof urine and feces
mūtra-purīṣayoḥ:
Sambandha (Genitive relation/सम्बन्ध)
TypeNoun
Rootmūtra (प्रातिपदिक) + purīṣa (प्रातिपदिक)
Formद्वन्द्व-समासः (itaretara: mūtra and purīṣa); नपुंसकलिङ्ग (n.), षष्ठी-विभक्तिः (Genitive/6th), द्विवचनम् (dual)

Unspecified (instructional voice addressing a dvija/vratī)

Primary Rasa: shanta

Secondary Rasa: bhayanaka

Type: tirtha

Sandhi Resolution Notes: पथ्यंभसि = पथ्य + अम्भसि (कर्मधारय); कुर्यादुत्सर्जनम् = कुर्यात् + उत्सर्जनम्; नैव = न + एव; मूत्रपुरीषयोः = मूत्र-पुरīषयोः (द्वन्द्व, षष्ठी-द्विवचन).

FAQs

It prohibits evacuation in potable/wholesome water, in cow-pens, in cremation grounds, and on/near anthills.

It addresses a “dvija” (twice-born) and specifically applies to a “vratī,” someone observing a religious vow.

It emphasizes śauca (cleanliness) and reverence for protected spaces—water sources, places associated with cows, funerary sites, and living habitats like anthills.