Shloka 102

Pūjādi-kathana — Gaṅgā Vratas, Tenfold Worship, Stotra, and Mokṣa on the Riverbank

Devanagari script

गंगायां तु मृतो मर्त्यः स्वर्गं मोक्षं च विंदति । प्राणेषूत्सृज्यमानेषु यो गंगां संस्मरेन्नरः ॥ १०२ ॥

Transliteration

gaṃgāyāṃ tu mṛto martyaḥ svargaṃ mokṣaṃ ca viṃdati | prāṇeṣūtsṛjyamāneṣu yo gaṃgāṃ saṃsmarennaraḥ || 102 ||

Translation

ガンガーの岸辺にて死する凡夫は、天界と解脱とを得る。命の息が去りゆく刹那にも、ガンガーを憶念する者は、その無上の善を得る。

Word by Word

• गङ्गायाम्: in the Ganga
• गङ्गायाम्: Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: गङ्गा (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (7th/Locative), एकवचन

• तु: indeed
• तु: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/particle)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तु (अव्यय)
• Form: विरोध/विशेषार्थक अव्यय (but/indeed)

• मृतः: dead (having died)
• मृतः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Verb
• Root: मृ (धातु) + मृत (कृदन्त, क्त)
• Form: क्त-प्रत्ययान्त भूतकालिक कृदन्त (past participle) ‘dead’; पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

• मर्त्यः: a mortal man
• मर्त्यः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: मर्त्य (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन

• स्वर्गम्: heaven
• स्वर्गम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: स्वर्ग (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative), एकवचन

• मोक्षम्: liberation
• मोक्षम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: मोक्ष (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative), एकवचन

• च: and
• च: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/connector)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चयबोधक अव्यय (and)

• विन्दति: attains/finds
• विन्दति: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: विद् (धातु)
• Form: लट्-लकार (Present), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), एकवचन, परस्मैपद

• प्राणेषु: when the life-breaths
• प्राणेषु: Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: प्राण (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (7th/Locative), बहुवचन

• उत्सृज्यमानेषु: being given up (departing)
• उत्सृज्यमानेषु: Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
• Type: Verb
• Root: उत् + सृज् (धातु) + उत्सृज्यमान (कृदन्त, शानच्/मान)
• Form: वर्तमानकाले कर्मणि कृदन्त (present passive participle) ‘being released’; पुंलिङ्ग/नपुंसकलिङ्ग? here locative plural agreeing with प्राणेषु: सप्तमी, बहुवचन

• यः: who
• यः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: यद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन; सम्बन्धसूचक (relative pronoun)

• गङ्गाम्: the Ganga
• गङ्गाम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: गङ्गा (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative), एकवचन

• संस्मरेत्: should remember
• संस्मरेत्: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: सम् + स्मृ (धातु)
• Form: विधिलिङ् (Optative), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), एकवचन, परस्मैपद

• नरः: a man
• नरः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: नर (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन

Speaker

Sanatkumara (teaching Narada in the Uttara-Bhaga tirtha-mahatmya context)

Vrata Kalpa

Vrata: none

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: bhakti

Secondary Rasa: shanta

Characters & Entities

• Ganga

FAQs

What is the spiritual significance of this verse in Narada Purana?

It declares the Gaṅgā as a liberating tīrtha: dying in her sacred vicinity—or even remembering her at the final moment—bestows spiritual merit culminating in svarga and mokṣa.

How does this verse explain the path of devotion (Bhakti)?

The verse emphasizes smaraṇa (devotional remembrance) as a decisive act: sincere recollection of the sacred Gaṅgā at antya-kāla functions like bhakti-based surrender, focusing the mind on a purifying divine presence.

What practical Vedic knowledge (Vedanga) is highlighted here?

It highlights applied ritual timing and practice around antya-kāla (end-of-life rites) and tīrtha-smaraṇa: a dhārmic takeaway for prayoga (ritual application) rather than technical śikṣā/vyākaraṇa.