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Narada Purana — Purva Bhaga, Shloka 38

Prāyaścitta for Mahāpātakas and the Sin-destroying Power of Viṣṇu-smaraṇa

माषषोडषमानं स्यात्सुवर्णमिति नारद । हत्वा ब्रह्मस्वमज्ञानाद्द्वादशांब्दं तु पूर्ववत् ॥ ३८ ॥

māṣaṣoḍaṣamānaṃ syātsuvarṇamiti nārada | hatvā brahmasvamajñānāddvādaśāṃbdaṃ tu pūrvavat || 38 ||

おおナーラダよ、スヴァルナ(suvarṇa)—黄金の標準単位—はマーシャ(māṣa)十六に等しいと言われる。もし無知ゆえに、婆羅門の財に関わる者を殺したり、婆羅門の所有物を滅したりしたなら、先に説かれたとおり、同じ贖罪の行を十二年にわたり修すべきである。

माषmāṣa (unit)
माष:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/compound member)
TypeNoun
Rootमाष (प्रातिपदिक)
Formप्रातिपदिक (in compound)
षोडशsixteen
षोडश:
Visheshana (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootषोडश (संख्यावाचक-प्रातिपदिक)
Formसंख्या (numeral), प्रातिपदिक (in compound)
मानम्a measure of sixteen māṣas
मानम्:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootमान (प्रातिपदिक)
Formप्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन (Singular), नपुंसकलिङ्ग (Neuter); समासः—माषाणां षोडशानां मानम् (षष्ठी-तत्पुरुषः)
स्यात्is (taken to) be
स्यात्:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootअस् (धातु)
Formविधिलिङ् (Optative), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd), एकवचन (Singular)
सुवर्णम्a suvarṇa (gold unit)
सुवर्णम्:
Pratijñā/Predicate (विधेय)
TypeNoun
Rootसुवर्ण (प्रातिपदिक)
Formप्रथमा/द्वितीया (1st/2nd), एकवचन (Singular), नपुंसकलिङ्ग (Neuter)
इतिthus
इति:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/quotative marker)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइति (अव्यय)
Formउद्धरणार्थक-अव्यय (quotative)
नारदO Nārada
नारद:
Sambodhana (सम्बोधन/Address)
TypeNoun
Rootनारद (प्रातिपदिक)
Formसम्बोधन (Vocative), एकवचन (Singular), पुल्लिङ्ग (Masculine)
हत्वाhaving killed
हत्वा:
Kriyā (क्रिया/absolutive—prior action)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootहन् (धातु) → हत्वा (कृदन्त/क्त्वा)
Formक्त्वा-प्रत्ययान्त अव्यय (gerund/absolutive), पूर्वकालिक-क्रिया (prior action)
ब्रह्मस्वम्Brahmin’s property
ब्रह्मस्वम्:
Karma (कर्म/Object—of implied act)
TypeNoun
Rootब्रह्म-स्व (प्रातिपदिक)
Formद्वितीया (2nd/Accusative), एकवचन (Singular), नपुंसकलिङ्ग (Neuter); समासः—ब्रह्मणः स्वम् (षष्ठी-तत्पुरुषः)
अज्ञानात्out of ignorance
अज्ञानात्:
Hetu (हेतु/Cause)
TypeNoun
Rootअज्ञान (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपञ्चमी (5th/Ablative), एकवचन (Singular), नपुंसकलिङ्ग (Neuter)
द्वादशtwelve
द्वादश:
Visheshana (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootद्वादश (संख्यावाचक-प्रातिपदिक)
Formसंख्या (numeral), प्रातिपदिक (in compound)
अब्दम्twelve years
अब्दम्:
Karma (कर्म/Object—duration)
TypeNoun
Rootअब्द (प्रातिपदिक)
Formद्वितीया (2nd/Accusative), एकवचन (Singular), पुल्लिङ्ग (Masculine); समासः—द्वादश अब्दम् (कर्मधारय/तत्पुरुष-प्राय: numeral determinative)
तुindeed/and
तु:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/particle)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतु (अव्यय)
Formनिपात (particle), विशेषार्थ/अनुवाद (emphasis)
पूर्ववत्as before
पूर्ववत्:
Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण/Adverbial)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootपूर्ववत् (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय (adverb), प्रकारवाचक (manner)

Sanatkumara (in instruction to Narada)

Vrata: none

Primary Rasa: shanta

Secondary Rasa: karuna

N
Narada

FAQs

It links ethical responsibility with precise traditional standards: the verse defines a recognized measure of value (suvarṇa = sixteen māṣas) and underscores that even unintentional harm involving Brahmin-associated wealth demands serious long-term purification through prāyaścitta.

Indirectly: Bhakti in the Purāṇic framework includes living dharmically. The verse teaches that sincere devotion must be accompanied by accountability and corrective discipline when one’s actions violate sacred social and religious trusts.

It reflects practical dharma-śāstra style calibration of ritual/legal penalties using traditional measures of weight/value (māṣa, suvarṇa), a technical detail often used in prescribing dāna and prāyaścitta.