Narada Purana — Purva Bhaga, Shloka 42

Śrāddha-prayoga: Niyama, Brāhmaṇa-parīkṣā, Kutapa-kāla, Tithi-nyāya, and Vaiṣṇava-phala

Devanagari script

देवैश्च समनुज्ञातो यजेत्पितृगणांस्तथा । तिलसंयुक्तदर्भैश्च दद्यात्तेषां सदासनम् ॥ ४२ ॥

Transliteration

devaiśca samanujñāto yajetpitṛgaṇāṃstathā | tilasaṃyuktadarbhaiśca dadyātteṣāṃ sadāsanam || 42 ||

Translation

諸天（デーヴァ）の許しを得たのち、しかるべき作法により祖霊ピトリ（Pitṛ）の群れを礼拝すべし。さらに、胡麻を混ぜたダルバ草をもって、彼らに相応しい座を供えよ。

Word by Word

• देवैः: by/with the gods
• देवैः: Sahakāraka (सहकारी/सह, तृतीया)
• Type: Noun
• Root: देव (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया (करण/सह), बहुवचन — Masculine, Instrumental (3rd), Plural

• च: and
• च: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/connector)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चय-अव्यय (conjunction)

• समनुज्ञातः: having been duly permitted
• समनुज्ञातः: Karta-viśeṣaṇa (कर्तृ-विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सम्+अनु+ज्ञा (धातु) → समनुज्ञात (कृदन्त, क्त)
• Form: क्त-प्रत्ययान्त भूतकर्मणि/भूतकृत् (past passive participle), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन — Masculine, Nominative, Singular; ‘having been permitted/authorized’

• यजेत्: should worship
• यजेत्: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: यज् (धातु)
• Form: विधिलिङ् (optative), प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन, परस्मैपद — Optative, 3rd person, Singular; ‘should worship/perform sacrifice’

• पितृगणान्: the groups of Pitṛs (ancestors)
• पितृगणान्: Karma (कर्म/object)
• Type: Noun
• Root: पितृ (प्रातिपदिक) + गण (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष (पितॄणां गणाः), पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, बहुवचन — Masculine, Accusative, Plural

• तथा: likewise
• तथा: Kriyā-viśeṣaṇa (क्रिया-विशेषण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तथा (अव्यय)
• Form: क्रियाविशेषण-अव्यय (adverb)

• तिलसंयुक्तदर्भैः: with darbha-grass mixed with sesame
• तिलसंयुक्तदर्भैः: Karaṇa (करण/instrument)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तिल (प्रातिपदिक) + संयुक्त (कृदन्त) + दर्भ (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: तत्पुरुष (तिलेन संयुक्ताः दर्भाः), पुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया, बहुवचन — Masculine, Instrumental, Plural

• च: and
• च: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/connector)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चय-अव्यय (conjunction)

• दद्यात्: should give
• दद्यात्: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: दा (धातु)
• Form: विधिलिङ् (optative), प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन, परस्मैपद — Optative, 3rd person, Singular; ‘should give’

• तेषाम्: for them / of them
• तेषाम्: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/genitive)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: षष्ठी (सम्बन्ध), बहुवचन — Genitive (6th), Plural; pronoun

• सदासनम्: a proper seat
• सदासनम्: Karma (कर्म/object)
• Type: Noun
• Root: सत् (प्रातिपदिक) + आसन (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: कर्मधारय (सत् आसनम् = उत्तम/शोभन आसनम्), नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन — Neuter, Accusative, Singular

Speaker

Sage Sanatkumara (teaching Narada)

Vrata Kalpa

Vrata: none

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: shanta

Secondary Rasa: bhakti

Characters & Entities

• Devas
• Pitṛs

FAQs

What is the spiritual significance of this verse in Narada Purana?

It teaches ritual order and reverence: after invoking divine sanction, one honors the Pitṛs properly, affirming gratitude to lineage and maintaining dharma through prescribed ancestral rites.

How does this verse explain the path of devotion (Bhakti)?

Though ritual-focused, it supports bhakti through disciplined worship: seeking deva-approval and offering respectfully to the Pitṛs cultivates humility, gratitude, and a devotional attitude expressed through right conduct.

What practical Vedic knowledge (Vedanga) is highlighted here?

Kalpa (ritual procedure) is emphasized—specifically the use of darbha (kuśa) and tila in Pitṛ rites, including the formal act of providing an āsana (seat) as part of Śrāddha/Pitṛ-yajña protocol.