Shloka 36

Adhyaya 83 — The Slaying of Mahishasura’s Armies and the Final Death of Mahishasura

Sanskrit

सा च तान् प्रहितांस्तेन चूर्णयन्ती शरोत्करैः ।

उवाच तं मदोद्धूतमुखरागाकुलाक्षरम् ॥

Transliteration

sā ca tān prahitāṃs tena cūrṇayantī śarotkaraiḥ / uvāca taṃ madoddhūtamukharāgākulākṣaram

Translation

そして女神は、彼が投げつけたそれらの山々を矢の連射で粉砕し、酔いにより荒々しく騒がしく、言葉も錯乱した彼に向かって語った。

Word by Word

• सा: she
• सा: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (nominative/1st), एकवचन

• च: and
• च: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/connector)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चयबोधक अव्यय (conjunction)

• तान्: those (mountains)
• तान्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (accusative/2nd), बहुवचन

• प्रहितान्: sent forth
• प्रहितान्: Visheshana (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: प्र + हि (धातु) + क्त (कृदन्त)
• Form: क्त-प्रत्ययान्त (past passive participle); पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, बहुवचन; अर्थः—प्रेषितान् (sent/shot forth)

• तेन: by him
• तेन: Karana/Agent-instrument (करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुं/नपुंसक, तृतीया (instrumental/3rd), एकवचन; 'by him'

• चूर्णयन्ती: crushing
• चूर्णयन्ती: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Verb
• Root: चूर्णय् (धातु; denom. from चूर्ण)
• Form: शतृ-प्रत्यय (present active participle); स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; परस्मैपद-भाव

• शरोत्करैः: with volleys of arrows
• शरोत्करैः: Karana (करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: शर + उत्कर (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया (instrumental/3rd), बहुवचन; समासः—शराणाम् उत्करैः (heap/volley of arrows)

• उवाच: said
• उवाच: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: वच् (धातु)
• Form: लिट् (Perfect), प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन, परस्मैपद

• तम्: to him
• तम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (accusative/2nd), एकवचन

• मदोद्धूतमुखरागाकुलाक्षरम्: whose words were confused, with face flushed and shaken by intoxication
• मदोद्धूतमुखरागाकुलाक्षरम्: Visheshana (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: मद + उद्धूत + मुख + राग + आकुल + अक्षर (प्रातिपदिक); उद्धूत/आकुल (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन; बहुपद-समासः—मदेन उद्धूतः मुखरागः येन, आकुलानि अक्षराणि यस्य (speech/words confused due to flushed face from intoxication)

Speakers

• Narrative frame (Ṛṣi recounting); Devī speaks to the asura

Verse Rasa

{ "primaryRasa": "vīra", "secondaryRasa": "adbhuta", "rasaIntensity": 0, "emotionalArcPosition": "", "moodDescriptors": [] }

Primary Deities

• Caṇḍikā (Devī)

Shakti Aspects

• Caṇḍikā

Key Themes

• Shaktism
• Triumph of clarity over delusion
• Divine protection

FAQs

What is the philosophical or ethical takeaway?

Adharma’s ‘noise’ and confusion contrasts with Devī’s composed efficacy. The verse teaches that clarity and right action (dharma) dismantle even massive obstacles.

How does this fit the Pancalakshana (5 characteristics)?

Didactic kathā (narrative instruction) rather than cosmological lakṣaṇa; it functions as vaṁśānucarita-like exemplum only in the broad sense of illustrating divine intervention.

What is the esoteric significance?

Arrows can signify focused intent (ekāgratā). Devī’s arrow-volley ‘powdering’ mountains indicates concentrated awareness breaking down dense samskāras.