Shloka 91

Adhyaya 51 — Yaksha Injunctions: Graha-Children and Female Spirits Causing Domestic and Ritual Disruptions

Sanskrit

मुषलो लूखले यत्र पादुके वासने स्त्रियः ।

शूर्पदात्रादिकं यत्र पदाकृष्य तथासनम् ॥

Transliteration

muṣalo lūkhale yatra pāduke vāsane striyaḥ / śūrpa-dātrādikaṃ yatra padākṛṣya tathāsanam

Translation

杵と臼、履物、女の衣を踏み越える、あるいは不当に扱うところ；また箕（ふるい籠）や鎌などを足で引きずり、座具までも同様にするところ—そこに覆い隠す力は機会を得る。

Word by Word

• मुषलः: pestle
• मुषलः: कर्ता (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: मुषल (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

• ऊखले: in the mortar
• ऊखले: अधिकरण (Locus/अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: ऊखल (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, सप्तमी, एकवचन

• यत्र: where
• यत्र: अधिकरण (Locus/अधिकरण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: यत्र (अव्यय)
• Form: देश-अव्यय (relative adverb)

• पादुके: a pair of sandals
• पादुके: कर्ता (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: पादुका (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया/संबोधन, द्विवचन; अत्र प्रथमा द्विवचन (as a pair)

• वासने: on the garment/cloth
• वासने: अधिकरण (Locus/अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: वासना (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, सप्तमी, एकवचन

• स्त्रियः: women
• स्त्रियः: कर्ता (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: स्त्री (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन

• शूर्पदात्रादिकम्: winnowing-fan, sickle, and the like
• शूर्पदात्रादिकम्: कर्ता (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: शूर्प + दात्र + आदि + क (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: द्वन्द्व-समास (शूर्पं च दात्रं च), ततः 'आदि' (etc.) सह; नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन; अत्र प्रथमा (collective)

• यत्र: where
• यत्र: अधिकरण (Locus/अधिकरण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: यत्र (अव्यय)
• Form: देश-अव्यय (relative adverb)

• पदा: with the foot
• पदा: करण (Instrument/करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: पद (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, तृतीया (3rd/Instrumental), एकवचन

• आकृष्य: having dragged/pulled
• आकृष्य: पूर्वकाल-क्रिया (Prior action)
• Type: Verb
• Root: आ + कृष् (धातु)
• Form: क्त्वान्त (absolutive/gerund), अव्ययभाव (indeclinable verbal)

• तथा: thus, likewise
• तथा: क्रियाविशेषण (Adverbial)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तथा (अव्यय)
• Form: रीति-अव्यय (adverb: thus)

• आसनम्: seat
• आसनम्: कर्ता (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: आसन (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन; अत्र प्रथमा

Speakers

• Not explicit in provided excerpt; prescriptive household dharma

Verse Rasa

{ "primaryRasa": "shanta", "secondaryRasa": "bhakti", "rasaIntensity": 0, "emotionalArcPosition": "", "moodDescriptors": [] }

Key Themes

• Dharma
• Household etiquette
• Respect for implements
• Purity and boundaries

FAQs

What is the philosophical or ethical takeaway?

Everyday disrespect—especially using the foot to drag or transgress over objects—signals negligence and cultivates tamasic habits; dharma is maintained through carefulness in small acts.

How does this fit the Pancalakshana (5 characteristics)?

Ācāra (codes of conduct) and gṛhastha-niyama, not pancalakṣaṇa.

What is the esoteric significance?

The ‘foot’ represents the lowest/most worldly instrument; using it to handle tools, garments, and seats symbolizes inversion of order—an inner state where lower impulses govern.