Shloka 45

Adhyaya 50 — Mind-Born Progeny, Svayambhuva Manu’s Lineage, and Brahmā’s Ordinance to Duḥsaha (Alakṣmī’s Retinue)

Sanskrit

भग्नभाण्डागतं तद्वन्मुखवातोपशामितम् ।

उच्छिष्टापाक्वमास्विन्नमवलीढमसंस्कृतम् ॥

Transliteration

bhagnabhāṇāgataṃ tadvad mukhavātopaśāmitam | ucchiṣṭāpakvam āsvinnam avalīḍham asaṃskṛtam ||

Translation

「割れた器から来た食、また口の息で冷めた食、残り物、半煮え、汗に汚れたもの、舐められたもの、そして精製されず／浄められず・供養により聖別されていないもの——それらは汝のものとなる。」

Word by Word

• भग्न-भाण्ड-आगतम्: come from a broken vessel
• भग्न-भाण्ड-आगतम्: Visheshana (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: भग्न (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक; √भञ्ज्, क्त) + भाण्ड (प्रातिपदिक) + आगत (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक; √गम्, क्त)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन; कृदन्तः—क्त; समासः—तत्पुरुष (भग्नभाण्डात् आगतम् = टूटे बर्तन से आया/निकला)

• तद्वत्: likewise
• तद्वत्: Prakaraṇa (प्रकरण/रीति)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तद्वत् (अव्यय/तद्धित)
• Form: अव्यय (adverb: ‘in that manner/likewise’)

• मुख-वात-उपशामितम्: cooled by mouth-breath
• मुख-वात-उपशामितम्: Visheshana (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: मुख (प्रातिपदिक) + वात (प्रातिपदिक) + उपशामित (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक; √शम् with upa-, causative/PPP sense)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन; कृदन्तः—क्त; समासः—तत्पुरुष (मुखवातेन उपशामितम् = मुँह की हवा से ठंडा/शान्त किया हुआ)

• उच्छिष्ट-अपक्वम्: leftover and undercooked
• उच्छिष्ट-अपक्वम्: Visheshana (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: उच्छिष्ट (प्रातिपदिक) + अपक्व (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन; समासः—कर्मधारय (उच्छिष्टं च तत् अपक्वं च)

• आस्विन्नम्: sweaty/steamed, soggy
• आस्विन्नम्: Visheshana (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: आस्विन्न (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक; √स्विद्, क्त)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन; कृदन्तः—क्त

• अवलीढम्: licked (over)
• अवलीढम्: Visheshana (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: अवलीढ (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक; √लिह् with ava-, क्त)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन; कृदन्तः—क्त

• असंस्कृतम्: unclean/unsanctified, unprepared
• असंस्कृतम्: Visheshana (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: असंस्कृत (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन; नञ्-समास/उपसर्ग-निषेध (unprepared)

Speakers

• Brahmā to Duḥsaha

Verse Rasa

{ "primaryRasa": "bibhatsa", "secondaryRasa": "dharma", "rasaIntensity": 0, "emotionalArcPosition": "", "moodDescriptors": [] }

Primary Deities

• Brahmā

Key Themes

• Food ethics (āhāra-śuddhi)
• Ritual purity
• Discipline vs. negligence

FAQs

What is the philosophical or ethical takeaway?

Āhāra is treated as a carrier of guṇa: careless, defiled food strengthens tamas. The practical teaching is to preserve cleanliness and mindful preparation, because what one ‘allows’ in food becomes what one ‘allows’ in conduct.

How does this fit the Pancalakṣaṇa (5 characteristics)?

Dharma/ācāra instruction; not sarga/pratisarga/vaṃśa/manvantara/vaṃśānucarita.

What is the esoteric significance?

‘Leftover/licked/unsanctified’ points to taking in second-hand, unexamined impressions. Inner discipline requires ‘saṃskāra’—refinement—before experiences are assimilated.