Shloka 27

Adhyaya 50 — Mind-Born Progeny, Svayambhuva Manu’s Lineage, and Brahmā’s Ordinance to Duḥsaha (Alakṣmī’s Retinue)

Sanskrit

बोधं बुद्धिस्तथा लज्जा विनयं वपुरात्मजम् ।

व्यवसायं प्रजज्ञे वै क्षेमं शान्तिरसूयत ॥

Transliteration

bodhaṃ buddhis tathā lajjā vinayaṃ vapur ātmajam | vyavasāyaṃ prajajñe vai kṣemaṃ śāntir asūyata ||

Translation

知性（Buddhi）は覚醒・理解（Bodha）を生み、慎み（Lajjā）は謙譲・規律（Vinaya）を生んだ—それはVapuの子である。さらに安寂（Śānti）は安穏・福利（Kṣema）と、断固たる努力（Vyavasāya）を生んだ。

Word by Word

• bodham: understanding, knowledge
• bodham: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: bodha (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति (कर्म), एकवचन; Masculine, Accusative (2nd), Singular

• buddhiḥ: Intellect (personified)
• buddhiḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: buddhi (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति (कर्ता), एकवचन; Feminine, Nominative (1st), Singular

• tathā: likewise, also
• tathā: Avyaya (अव्यय)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: tathā (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; क्रियाविशेषण (adverb)

• lajjā: Modesty (personified)
• lajjā: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: lajjā (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति (कर्ता), एकवचन; Feminine, Nominative, Singular

• vinayam: humility, discipline
• vinayam: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: vinaya (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति (कर्म), एकवचन; Masculine, Accusative, Singular

• vapuḥ-ātmajam: the son of Vapu (Vapu’s offspring)
• vapuḥ-ātmajam: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: vapuḥ (प्रातिपदिक) + ātmaja (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: तत्पुरुष-समास (षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष: vapuṣaḥ ātmajaḥ); पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन; Masculine, Accusative, Singular

• vyavasāyam: effort, resolve
• vyavasāyam: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: vyavasāya (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति (कर्म), एकवचन; Masculine, Accusative, Singular

• prajajñe: was born, came into being
• prajajñe: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √jan (जन् धातु)
• Form: लिट्-लकार (परिपूर्णभूत/Perfect), प्रथम-पुरुष, एकवचन; Perfect, 3rd person, Singular; आत्मनेपद-रूप (intransitive ‘was born/was produced’)

• vai: indeed
• vai: Avyaya (अव्यय)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: vai (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; निपात (emphatic particle)

• kṣemam: welfare, security
• kṣemam: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: kṣema (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग/नपुंसकलिङ्ग (प्रयोगे), द्वितीया-विभक्ति (कर्म), एकवचन; Accusative, Singular

• śāntiḥ: Peace (personified)
• śāntiḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: śānti (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति (कर्ता), एकवचन; Feminine, Nominative, Singular

• asūyata: gave birth to, produced
• asūyata: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √sū (सू धातु)
• Form: लङ्-लकार (अनद्यतनभूत/Imperfect), प्रथम-पुरुष, एकवचन; Imperfect, 3rd person, Singular; आत्मनेपद; ‘gave birth/produced’

Speakers

• Frame dialogue tradition (sage-narration within Markandeya Purana); specific speaker not explicit in supplied excerpt

Verse Rasa

{ "primaryRasa": "shanta", "secondaryRasa": "bhakti", "rasaIntensity": 0, "emotionalArcPosition": "", "moodDescriptors": [] }

Key Themes

• Dharma
• Ethical personifications
• Cosmology
• Virtue genealogy

FAQs

What is the philosophical or ethical takeaway?

Virtues are shown as causally linked: discernment yields true understanding; modesty matures into disciplined conduct; peace bears both welfare (kṣema) and steady resolve (vyavasāya). The text frames ethics as an inner lineage—cultivating one virtue naturally generates others.

How does this fit the Pancalakshana (5 characteristics)?

Primarily Sarga (secondary creation through genealogical emanation) expressed as a moral-cosmological genealogy: abstract qualities are ‘created’ and related through progeny lists.

What is the esoteric significance?

The ‘births’ indicate inner psychological sequencing: buddhi (discrimination) ripens into bodha (awakening); śānti (equanimity) stabilizes life as kṣema (security) and vyavasāya (purposeful effort).