Shloka 9

Adhyaya 5 — Tvashta’s Wrath, the Birth of Vritra, and the Divine Descent as the Pandavas

Sanskrit

सख्यञ्चक्रुस्ततस्तस्य वृत्रेण समयांस्तथा ।

ऋषयः प्रीतमनसः सर्वभूतहिते रताः ॥

Transliteration

sakhyañ cakrus tatas tasya vṛtreṇa samayāṁs tathā / ṛṣayaḥ prītamanasaḥ sarvabhūtahite ratāḥ

Translation

かくして彼らは彼と友誼を結び、同様にヴリトラとも諸々の取り決めを交わした。聖仙たちは心に喜びを得て、あらゆる生きとし生けるものの安寧のために身を捧げた。

Word by Word

• सख्यम्: friendship
• सख्यम्: कर्म (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: सख्य (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2), एकवचन

• चक्रुः: made, concluded
• चक्रुः: क्रिया (action)
• Type: Verb
• Root: कृ (धातु)
• Form: लिट् (Perfect), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd), बहुवचन; परस्मैपद

• ततः: then
• ततः: कालाधिकरण (temporal)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ततः (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय, अनन्तरार्थक (then)

• तस्य: of him
• तस्य: सम्बन्ध (genitive)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुं/नपुंसक, षष्ठी (6), एकवचन

• वृत्रेण: with Vṛtra
• वृत्रेण: सह/सहकारक (सहयोग)
• Type: Noun
• Root: वृत्र (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया (3), एकवचन

• समयान्: agreements, terms
• समयान्: कर्म (object of ‘made’)
• Type: Noun
• Root: समय (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2), बहुवचन

• तथा: likewise
• तथा: प्रकार (manner)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तथा (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय, प्रकारार्थक (likewise/so)

• ऋषयः: the sages
• ऋषयः: कर्ता (कर्तृ)
• Type: Noun
• Root: ऋषि (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1), बहुवचन

• प्रीत-मनसः: with delighted minds
• प्रीत-मनसः: विशेषण (of ṛṣayaḥ)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: प्रीत (प्रातिपदिक) + मनस् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1), बहुवचन; बहुव्रीहिः—‘whose minds are pleased’

• सर्व-भूत-हिते: in the welfare of all beings
• सर्व-भूत-हिते: अधिकरण (locus: ‘in/for’)
• Type: Noun
• Root: सर्व (प्रातिपदिक) + भूत (प्रातिपदिक) + हित (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (7), एकवचन; तत्पुरुषः (सर्वेषां भूतानां हितम् = welfare of all beings)

• रताः: devoted
• रताः: विशेषण (of ṛṣayaḥ)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: रम् (धातु) → रत (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1), बहुवचन; क्त-प्रत्ययान्त (PPP) ‘devoted/engaged’

Speakers

• Narratorial voice within the Markandeya Purana (frame-speaker not specified in input)

Verse Rasa

{ "primaryRasa": "śānta", "secondaryRasa": "dharmya", "rasaIntensity": 0, "emotionalArcPosition": "", "moodDescriptors": [] }

Primary Deities

• Vṛtra

Key Themes

• Dharma
• Peace-making
• Rishi as moral arbiters
• Universal welfare (sarvabhūta-hita)

FAQs

What is the philosophical or ethical takeaway?

The verse upholds concord (sakhya) and binding compacts (samaya) as dharmic instruments to restrain conflict. The ṛṣis’ joy is not partisan victory but sarvabhūta-hita—welfare of all creatures—presenting the seers as guardians of social-cosmic balance rather than champions of one side.

How does this fit the Pancalakshana (5 characteristics)?

Primarily within Manvantara/Anucarita (accounts connected to rulers, devas/asuras, and the moral order within an age). It is not sarga/pratisarga; it functions as ethical-historical narration supporting dharma in the ongoing cosmic administration.

What is the esoteric significance?

Vṛtra here can be read symbolically as the ‘obstructor’ (vṛ- root: to cover/obstruct). Making samaya (disciplined agreements) signifies placing limits on obstructive forces through dharmic order. The ṛṣis’ sarvabhūta-hita indicates the higher aim: harmonizing opposing powers so that life-force and order can circulate without blockage.