Shloka 11

Adhyaya 46 — Cosmic Dissolution, the Emergence of Brahma, and the Measures of Time (Yugas, Manvantaras, and Brahma’s Day)

Sanskrit

प्रधानॆ क्षोभ्यमाणे तु स देवो ब्रह्मसंज्ञितः ।

समुत्पन्नोऽण्डकोषस्थो यथा ते कथितं मया ॥

Transliteration

pradhāne kṣobhyamāṇe tu sa devo brahma-saṃjñitaḥ |

samutpanno 'ṇḍa-koṣastho yathā te kathitaṃ mayā ||

Translation

プラダーナが攪拌されているとき、「ブラフマー」と呼ばれるその神格が生起し、宇宙卵の殻の内に住した—私が汝に語ったとおりである。

Word by Word

• pradhāne: in Pradhāna (the primordial principle)
• pradhāne: Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: pradhāna (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, सप्तमी-विभक्ति (Locative/7th), एकवचन

• kṣobhyamāne: while being agitated
• kṣobhyamāne: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: kṣubh (धातु) + यक् (कर्मणि) + शानच् (शतृ)
• Form: वर्तमानकाले कर्मणि-प्रयोगे शानच्-प्रत्ययान्त कृदन्त (present passive participle); नपुंसकलिङ्ग, सप्तमी, एकवचन; प्रधाने इति सह समानाधिकरण

• tu: then/indeed
• tu: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: tu (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; विरोध/अन्वय (but/indeed)

• saḥ: he
• saḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; निर्देशवाचक सर्वनाम

• devaḥ: the god
• devaḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: deva (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

• brahma-saṃjñitaḥ: called Brahmā
• brahma-saṃjñitaḥ: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: brahman (प्रातिपदिक) + saṃjñita (प्रातिपदिक; √jñā + kta with sam-)
• Form: क्त-प्रत्ययान्त कृदन्त; पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; ब्रह्म-संज्ञितः = ब्रह्म इति संज्ञा यस्य (named 'Brahmā')

• samutpannaḥ: arisen, produced
• samutpannaḥ: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: sam-ut-√pad (धातु) + kta (कृत् प्रत्यय)
• Form: क्त-प्रत्ययान्त कृदन्त; पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

• aṇḍa-koṣa-sthaḥ: dwelling within the cosmic egg
• aṇḍa-koṣa-sthaḥ: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: aṇḍa (प्रातिपदिक) + koṣa (प्रातिपदिक) + stha (प्रातिपदिक; √sthā)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; तत्पुरुष-समास: अण्डकोषे स्थितः (situated in the egg-shell/cosmic egg)

• yathā: as
• yathā: Prakāra-dyotaka (प्रकार-द्योतक)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: yathā (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; उपमान/यथोक्तार्थक (as, just as; 'as stated')

• te: to you
• te: Sampradāna (सम्प्रदान)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tvad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: द्वितीया/चतुर्थी-विभक्ति (Acc./Dat. 2nd/4th), एकवचन; एन्क्लिटिक रूप (to you/you)

• kathitam: told, narrated
• kathitam: Kriyā (क्रिया; passive predicate)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √kath (धातु) + kta (कृत् प्रत्यय)
• Form: क्त-प्रत्ययान्त; नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन; कर्मणि-भाव (told/related)

• mayā: by me
• mayā: Kartṛ-karaṇa (कर्ता-करण; agent in passive)
• Type: Noun
• Root: asmad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: तृतीया-विभक्ति (Instrumental/3rd), एकवचन

Speakers

• Mārkaṇḍeya

Verse Rasa

{ "primaryRasa": "adbhuta", "secondaryRasa": "shanta", "rasaIntensity": 0, "emotionalArcPosition": "", "moodDescriptors": [] }

Primary Deities

• Brahmā

Key Themes

• Sarga (creation)
• Hiraṇyagarbha / cosmic egg
• Pradhāna
• Emergence of Brahmā

FAQs

What is the philosophical or ethical takeaway?

The first manifest organizer (Brahmā) appears only after primordial equilibrium is stirred—implying that structured order emerges from subtle causality. It encourages seeing governance and creativity as derivative, not ultimate.

How does this fit the Pancalakshana (5 characteristics)?

This is Sarga proper: the arising of Brahmā and the aṇḍa (cosmic egg) is a standard Purāṇic creation marker, foundational for subsequent genealogies (vaṃśa) and reigns (manvantara).

What is the esoteric significance?

The ‘cosmic egg’ symbolizes undivided totality containing all differentiations in seed form; Brahmā within it represents ordering intelligence arising inside the field of nature, not outside it.