Shloka 25

Adhyaya 24 — Kuvalayashva’s Refusal of Gifts and the Vision of Madalasa’s Maya

Sanskrit

जड उवाच तस्यैतद्वचनं श्रुत्वा स तदा नृपनन्दनः ।

मुकावलोकनं चक्रे पन्नगेश्वरपुत्रयोः ॥

Transliteration

jaḍa uvāca tasyaitad vacanaṃ śrutvā sa tadā nṛpa-nandanaḥ / mukāvalokanaṃ cakre pannageśvara-putrayoḥ

Translation

ジャダは言った。これらの言葉を聞くと、王子は沈黙のまま、蛇の主の二人の息子へと視線を投げた。

Word by Word

• jaḍaḥ: Jaḍa
• jaḍaḥ: Karta/Subject (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: jaḍa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन)

• uvāca: said
• uvāca: Kriyā/Action (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: vac (धातु)
• Form: Perfect (लिट्), 3rd person (प्रथमपुरुष), Singular (एकवचन), Parasmaipada (परस्मैपद)

• tasya: of him
• tasya: Sambandha/Genitive (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine/Neuter, Genitive (6th/षष्ठी), Singular (एकवचन)

• etat: this
• etat: Viśeṣaṇa of ‘vacanam’ (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: etad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Neuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular (एकवचन)

• vacanam: speech/words
• vacanam: Karma/Object of ‘śrutvā’ (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: vacana (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Neuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular (एकवचन)

• śrutvā: having heard
• śrutvā: Pūrvakāla-kriyā (पूर्वकाल-क्रिया)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: śru (धातु) → śrutvā (क्त्वा-प्रत्यय, अव्ययकृदन्त)
• Form: Absolutive/Gerund (क्त्वान्त-अव्यय) ‘having heard’

• saḥ: he
• saḥ: Karta/Subject (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन)

• tadā: then
• tadā: Kāla/Time (काल)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: tadā (अव्यय)
• Form: Temporal adverb (कालवाचक-अव्यय) ‘then’

• nṛpa-nandanaḥ: the king’s son
• nṛpa-nandanaḥ: Apposition to ‘saḥ’ (समाधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: nṛpa (प्रातिपदिक) + nandana (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Tatpuruṣa (तत्पुरुष) ‘king’s son’; Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन)

• mūka-avalokanam: a look at the mute ones
• mūka-avalokanam: Karma/Object (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: mūka (प्रातिपदिक) + avalokana (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Tatpuruṣa (तत्पुरुष) ‘looking at the mute (ones)’; Neuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular (एकवचन)

• cakre: did/made
• cakre: Kriyā/Action (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: kṛ (धातु)
• Form: Perfect (लिट्), 3rd person (प्रथमपुरुष), Singular (एकवचन), Ātmanepada (आत्मनेपद)

• pannaga-īśvara-putrayoḥ: of the two sons of the serpent-lord
• pannaga-īśvara-putrayoḥ: Sambandha/Genitive (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: pannaga (प्रातिपदिक) + īśvara (प्रातिपदिक) + putra (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Tatpuruṣa (तत्पुरुष) ‘sons of the lord of serpents’; Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Genitive (6th/षष्ठी), Dual (द्विवचन)

Speakers

• Jaḍa as narrator; action of the prince described

Verse Rasa

{ "primaryRasa": "shanta", "secondaryRasa": "adbhuta", "rasaIntensity": 0, "emotionalArcPosition": "", "moodDescriptors": [] }

Key Themes

• Narrative framing (uvāca markers)
• Nonverbal communication
• Transition to the sons’ role

FAQs

What is the philosophical or ethical takeaway?

The narrative highlights restraint and tact: the prince communicates delicately, suggesting decorum in situations involving gifts/boons and hierarchy.

How does this fit the Pancalakshana (5 characteristics)?

Pure narrative connective tissue (ākhyāna) supporting dharma discourse; not pancalakṣaṇa.

What is the esoteric significance?

Silence (mūka) can imply inner deliberation—choosing dharma-aligned intent before speech, a classic marker of sattvic decision-making.