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Shloka 20

Rathaghoṣa–Saṃjñāna: Damayantī’s Inference and the Dispatch of the Envoy (Āraṇyaka-parva, Adhyāya 71)

ततो युक्त रथं राजा समारोहत्‌ त्वरान्वित: । अथ पर्यपतन्‌ भूमौ जानुभिस्ते हयोत्तमा:,जुते हुए रथपर राजा ऋतुपर्ण बड़ी उतावलीके साथ सवार हुए। इसलिये उनके चढ़ते ही वे उत्तम घोड़े घुटनोंके बल पृथ्वीपर गिर पड़े

tato yukta-rathaṁ rājā samārohat tvarānvitaḥ | atha paryapatan bhūmau jānubhis te hayottamāḥ ||

やがてルトゥパルナ王は、焦燥に駆られて、すでに整えられた戦車に乗り込んだ。王が乗るや否や、あの優れた馬たちは膝を折って地に沈んだ。

ततःthen, thereafter
ततः:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootततः
युक्तम्yoked, harnessed
युक्तम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootयुक्त
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
रथम्chariot
रथम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootरथ
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
राजाthe king
राजा:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootराजन्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
समारोहत्mounted, ascended
समारोहत्:
TypeVerb
Rootसम्-आ-रुह्
FormImperfect (Lan), 3, Singular, Parasmaipada
त्वरा-अन्वितःendowed with haste; hurried
त्वरा-अन्वितः:
TypeAdjective
Rootत्वरान्वित
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
अथthen, and then
अथ:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअथ
पर्यपतन्fell down, collapsed
पर्यपतन्:
TypeVerb
Rootपरि-पत्
FormImperfect (Lan), 3, Plural, Parasmaipada
भूमौon the ground
भूमौ:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootभूमि
FormFeminine, Locative, Singular
जानुभिःwith (their) knees
जानुभिः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootजानु
FormNeuter, Instrumental, Plural
तेthose, they
ते:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
हय-उत्तमाःexcellent horses
हय-उत्तमाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootहयोत्तम
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural

ऋचुपर्ण उवाच

Ṛtupārṇa (king)
C
chariot (ratha)
E
excellent horses (hayottamāḥ)
G
ground/earth (bhūmi)

Educational Q&A

The verse implicitly contrasts human haste with the physical limits of living beings: urgency in pursuit of one’s goal should be tempered by awareness of the burden placed on others, even when they are strong and well-trained.

King Ṛtupārṇa, eager to depart quickly, mounts a chariot already harnessed; the powerful horses, affected by the sudden pressure and haste, drop to the ground on their knees as he boards.