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Shloka 47

अध्याय ३३ — कर्म, दैव, हठ, स्वभाव और पुरुषार्थ पर द्रौपदी का उपदेश

Draupadī on Action, Fate, and Human Effort

एष नार्थविहीनेन शक्‍्यो राजन्‌ निषेवितुम्‌ । अखिलाः: पुरुषव्याप्र गुणा: स्युर्यद्यपीतरे,'पुरुषसिंह राजन! यद्यपि मनुष्यमें दूसरे सभी गुण मौजूद हों तो भी यह यज्ञ आदि रूप धर्म धनहीन पुरुषके द्वारा नहीं सम्पादित किया जा सकता

vaiśampāyana uvāca | eṣa nārthavihīnena śakyo rājan niṣevitum | akhilāḥ puruṣavyāghra guṇāḥ syur yady apītare ||

ヴァイシャンパーヤナは言った。「王よ、この務め—ヤジュニャをはじめとする諸儀礼—は、財なき者には正しく修めることができぬ。人中の虎よ、たとえ他のあらゆる徳が備わっていようとも、資財を欠く者には、ヤジュニャの形をとるダルマやそれに類する行は遂げられない。」

एषःthis (one/thing)
एषः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootएतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
अर्थ-विहीनेनby one devoid of wealth/means
अर्थ-विहीनेन:
Karana
TypeAdjective
Rootअर्थविहीन
FormMasculine/Neuter, Instrumental, Singular
शक्यःpossible, able to be done
शक्यः:
TypeAdjective
Rootशक्य
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
राजन्O king
राजन्:
TypeNoun
Rootराजन्
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
निषेवितुम्to practice/undertake/perform
निषेवितुम्:
TypeVerb
Rootनि-सेव्
FormTumun (infinitive)
अखिलाःall, entire
अखिलाः:
TypeAdjective
Rootअखिल
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
पुरुष-व्याघ्रO tiger among men
पुरुष-व्याघ्र:
TypeNoun
Rootपुरुषव्याघ्र
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
गुणाःqualities, virtues
गुणाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootगुण
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
स्युःmight be / would be
स्युः:
TypeVerb
Rootअस्
FormOptative (Vidhi-lin), 3rd, Plural, Parasmaipada
यदिif
यदि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयदि
अपिeven, also
अपि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअपि
इतरेin another (person)
इतरे:
Adhikarana
TypeAdjective/Pronoun
Rootइतर
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular

वैशम्पायन उवाच

V
Vaiśampāyana
R
rājan (the King, i.e., Janamejaya as listener)

Educational Q&A

The verse underscores the interdependence of artha (material means) and dharma (religious duty): certain forms of dharma—especially yajña and ritual obligations—require resources, so virtue alone may be insufficient for their performance without material support.

Vaiśampāyana, narrating to the king, explains a practical limitation within dharma: the observance of sacrificial and related rites cannot be effectively pursued by someone who lacks wealth, even if that person possesses many other admirable qualities.