Shloka 82

Duryodhana’s Śaraṇāgati and the Pāṇḍavas’ Resolve

Gandharva Encounter

Devanagari script

ते तं घनैरिवादित्यं दृष्टवा सम्परिवारितम्‌

Transliteration

te taṃ ghanair ivādityaṃ dṛṣṭvā samparivāritam

Translation

マールカンデーヤは語った。彼らは、彼が完全に包囲されているのを見た――濃雲に覆われた太陽のように。そこで、彼の輝きと自在の働きが、取り巻く力によって妨げられていると悟った。

Word by Word

• ते: they
• ते: Karta
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद्
• Form: masculine, nominative, plural

• तम्: him
• तम्: Karma
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद्
• Form: masculine, accusative, singular

• घनैः: by clouds
• घनैः: Karana
• Type: Noun
• Root: घन
• Form: masculine, instrumental, plural

• इव: as/like
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: इव

• आदित्यम्: the sun
• आदित्यम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: आदित्य
• Form: masculine, accusative, singular

• दृष्ट्वा: having seen
• Type: Verb
• Root: दृश्
• Form: क्त्वा (absolutive/gerund), parasmaipada (usage-neutral for gerund)

• सम्परिवारितम्: surrounded/encircled
• Type: Verb
• Root: सम्-परि-√वृ (वारयति) / परि-√वृ (परिवारयति)
• Form: क्त (past passive participle), masculine, accusative, singular

Speaker

मार्कण्डेय उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Mārkaṇḍeya
• Āditya (the Sun)

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

The verse uses the sun obscured by clouds to suggest that true brilliance or virtue may be temporarily hidden by adverse conditions; one should not mistake temporary concealment for permanent defeat, and should respond with patience and clear judgment.

What is happening in the narrative?

Mārkaṇḍeya describes a scene where a particular figure is seen fully encircled, and he conveys this visually through the comparison to the sun surrounded by thick clouds.