Shloka 11

Udyoga Parva, Adhyāya 106: Pūrva-Diśa Praśaṃsā

Praise and Primacy of the Eastern Quarter

Devanagari script

न जीवत्यधन: पाप: कुतः पापस्य तन्त्रणम्‌ | पापो ध्रुवमवाप्नोति विनाशं नाशयन्‌ कृतम्‌

Transliteration

na jīvaty adhanaḥ pāpaḥ kutaḥ pāpasya tantraṇam | pāpo dhruvam avāpnoti vināśaṃ nāśayan kṛtam |

Translation

ナーラダは言った。「財なき罪人は、まことに生きているとは言えぬ。そんな罪人がどうして家を養えようか。自ら積んだ功徳を滅ぼしつつ、罪人は必ずや己が破滅を招く。」

Word by Word

• न: not
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: न

• जीवति: lives
• Type: Verb
• Root: जीव्
• Form: Lat (present indicative), 3, singular, parasmaipada

• अधनः: poor, without wealth
• अधनः: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: अधन
• Form: masculine, nominative, singular

• पापः: a sinner / sinful man
• पापः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: पाप
• Form: masculine, nominative, singular

• कुतः: how? whence?
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: कुतः

• पापस्य: of a sinner / of sin
• Type: Noun
• Root: पाप
• Form: neuter, genitive, singular

• तन्त्रणम्: supporting, maintaining (dependents)
• तन्त्रणम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: तन्त्रण
• Form: neuter, nominative, singular

• पापः: the sinner
• पापः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: पाप
• Form: masculine, nominative, singular

• ध्रुवम्: certainly
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ध्रुव

• अवाप्नोति: attains, reaches
• Type: Verb
• Root: अव + आप्
• Form: Lat (present indicative), 3, singular, parasmaipada

• विनाशम्: destruction, ruin
• विनाशम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: विनाश
• Form: masculine, accusative, singular

• नाशयन्: destroying
• नाशयन्: Karta
• Type: Verb
• Root: नाशयत् (from causative of नश्: नाशयति)
• Form: present active (parasmaipada) participle, masculine, nominative, singular

• कृतम्: what has been done (deed/merit)
• कृतम्: Karma
• Type: Verb
• Root: कृत (from कृ)
• Form: past passive participle, neuter, accusative, singular

Speaker

नारद उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Nārada

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

The verse warns that persistent wrongdoing undermines one’s capacity to sustain life and social duties; by eroding accumulated merit, a sinful person hastens personal ruin.

What is happening in the narrative?

Nārada is speaking in a didactic tone, offering a moral evaluation of sinful conduct—especially its practical and karmic consequences for livelihood and the ability to maintain one’s dependents.