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Shloka 9

अव्यक्तकालमान-निर्णयः

Measures of Time from the Unmanifest; Creation, Elements, and the Primacy of Mind

वाक्सायका वदनान्निष्पतन्ति यैराहत: शोचति रात्र्यहानि । परस्य नामर्मसु ते पतन्ति तान्‌ पण्डितो नावसूजेत्‌ परेषु,वचनरूपी बाण जब मुहसे निकल पड़ते हैं, तब उनके द्वारा बींधा गया मनुष्य रात-दिन शोकमें डूबा रहता है; क्योंकि वे दूसरोंके मर्मपर आघात पहुँचाते हैं, इसलिये विद्धान्‌ पुरुषको किसी दूसरे मनुष्यपर वाग्बाणका प्रयोग नहीं करना चाहिये

vāksāyakā vadanān niṣpatanti yair āhataḥ śocati rātryahāni | parasya nāmarmasu te patanti tān paṇḍito nāvasūjet pareṣu ||

白鳥は言った。「言葉とは口から飛び出す矢である。それに射抜かれた者は、夜も昼も嘆き続ける。言葉は他者の急所、痛みの点に落ちるがゆえに、賢者は人に向けてそのような言の矢を放ってはならない。」

वाक्speech, word
वाक्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootवाच्
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
सायकाarrows
सायका:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootसायका
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
वदनात्from the mouth
वदनात्:
Apadana
TypeNoun
Rootवदन
FormNeuter, Ablative, Singular
निष्पतन्तिfly out, shoot forth
निष्पतन्ति:
TypeVerb
Rootनिष्+पत्
FormPresent, Indicative, Third, Plural, Parasmaipada
यैःby which
यैः:
Karana
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Instrumental, Plural
आहतःstruck, wounded
आहतः:
TypeAdjective
Rootआ+हन् (क्त)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
शोचतिgrieves
शोचति:
TypeVerb
Rootशुच्
FormPresent, Indicative, Third, Singular, Parasmaipada
रात्रि-अहानिnights and days
रात्रि-अहानि:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootरात्रि + अहन्
FormNeuter, Accusative, Plural
परस्यof another
परस्य:
Sambandha
TypeAdjective
Rootपर
FormMasculine/Neuter, Genitive, Singular
नामindeed; (lit.) name
नाम:
TypeNoun
Rootनामन्
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
मर्मसुin the vital spots, sensitive points
मर्मसु:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootमर्मन्
FormNeuter, Locative, Plural
तेthey
ते:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
पतन्तिfall, strike
पतन्ति:
TypeVerb
Rootपत्
FormPresent, Indicative, Third, Plural, Parasmaipada
तान्those (words/arrows)
तान्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
पण्डितःa wise man
पण्डितः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootपण्डित
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
अवसूजेत्should not discharge/let loose
अवसूजेत्:
TypeVerb
Rootअव+सृज्
FormAorist, Optative, Third, Singular, Parasmaipada
परेषुtowards/among others
परेषु:
Adhikarana
TypeAdjective
Rootपर
FormMasculine, Locative, Plural

हंस उवाच

H
haṃsa (the Swan, speaker)
V
vāk-sāyaka (verbal arrows)

Educational Q&A

Speech can wound like an arrow and cause lasting sorrow; therefore, a wise person restrains harsh or piercing words, especially those that strike another’s vulnerabilities.

In a didactic passage of the Śānti Parva, the speaker ‘Haṃsa’ delivers moral instruction, using the metaphor of ‘word-arrows’ to warn against verbally harming others.