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Shloka 8

अव्यक्तकालमान-निर्णयः

Measures of Time from the Unmanifest; Creation, Elements, and the Primacy of Mind

नारुन्तुदः स्यान्न नृशंसवादी न हीनत: परमभ्याददीत । ययास्य वाचा पर उद्विजेत नतां वदेद्रुषतीं पापलोक्याम्‌,किसीके मर्ममें आघात न पहुँचाये। दूसरोंसे निछ्ठर वचन न बोले। किसी नीच मनुष्यसे अध्यात्मशास्त्रका उपदेश न ग्रहण करे तथा जिसे सुनकर दूसरोंको उद्वेग हो, ऐसी नरकमें डालनेवाली अमंगलमयी बात भी मुँहसे न निकाले

nārun-tudaḥ syān na nṛśaṃsa-vādī na hīnataḥ param abhyādadīta | yayāsya vācā para udvijeta na tāṃ vaded ruṣatīṃ pāpa-lokyām ||

ハンサは言った。「他者の心を傷つける者となってはならず、残酷な言葉を語ってはならない。卑しい心の者から高き教えを受けてはならない。また、人を不安にさせる言葉—荒々しく不吉で、罪の世界へと導く言葉—を口にしてはならない。」

not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
अरुन्तुदःone who wounds (others); a heart-piercer
अरुन्तुदः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootअरुन्तुद
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
स्यात्should be
स्यात्:
TypeVerb
Rootअस् (भू-अर्थे)
FormOptative (Vidhi-lin), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
नृशंसवादीone who speaks cruelly
नृशंसवादी:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootनृशंसवादिन्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
हीनतःfrom an inferior (person)
हीनतः:
Apadana
TypeAdjective
Rootहीन
FormMasculine/Neuter, Ablative, Singular
परम्the highest (teaching); the supreme
परम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootपर
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
अभ्याददीतshould accept/receive
अभ्याददीत:
TypeVerb
Rootदा (आदाने)
FormOptative (Vidhi-lin), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada, अभि,आ
ययाby which
यया:
Karana
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormFeminine, Instrumental, Singular
अस्यof him/this person
अस्य:
TypePronoun
Rootइदम्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Genitive, Singular
वाचाby speech/words
वाचा:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootवाच्
FormFeminine, Instrumental, Singular
परःanother person
परः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootपर
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
उद्विजेतmight be agitated/disturbed
उद्विजेत:
TypeVerb
Rootविज् (उद्वेगे)
FormOptative (Vidhi-lin), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada, उद्
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
ताम्that (speech/thing)
ताम्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
वदेत्should speak
वदेत्:
TypeVerb
Rootवद्
FormOptative (Vidhi-lin), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
रुषतीम्angry/irritating
रुषतीम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootरुषत्
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
पापलोक्याम्leading to a sinful world (hellish); damnable
पापलोक्याम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootपापलोक्य
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular

हंस उवाच

हंस (Haṃsa)

Educational Q&A

Guard speech as a primary instrument of dharma: do not wound others, do not speak cruelly, avoid taking lofty instruction from a morally base source, and refrain from uttering words that cause agitation and lead to sin.

In Śānti Parva’s didactic setting, the Haṃsa delivers a compact ethical rule about right conduct, focusing especially on restraint in speech and discernment regarding from whom one receives spiritual instruction.