Shloka 83

Dama-pradhāna-dharma (Self-restraint as the Root of Dharma) — Śānti-parva 154

Devanagari script

इत्युक्तास्ते सुतं त्यक्त्वा भूमौ शोकपरिप्लुता: । दहामाना: सुतस्नेहात्‌ प्रययुर्बान्धवा गृहम्‌

Transliteration

ity uktās te sutaṃ tyaktvā bhūmau śokapariplutāḥ | dahamānāḥ sutasnehāt prayayur bāndhavā gṛham ||

Translation

そう言われると、親族たちは—悲嘆に沈み—その子を地に横たえ、子への愛着に灼かれながら、身を翻して家へ帰っていった。

Word by Word

• इति: thus
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: इति

• उक्ताः: having been spoken to / addressed
• Type: Verb
• Root: वच् (क्त)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Plural

• ते: they
• ते: Karta
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद्
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Plural

• सुतम्: son
• सुतम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: सुत
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular

• त्यक्त्वा: having left (behind)
• Type: Verb
• Root: त्यज् (क्त्वा)
• Form: Absolutive (Gerund)

• भूमौ: on the ground
• भूमौ: Adhikarana
• Type: Noun
• Root: भूमि
• Form: Feminine, Locative, Singular

• शोकपरिप्लुताः: overwhelmed by grief
• Type: Adjective
• Root: शोक-परिप्लुत
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Plural

• दह्यमानाः: being burned (tormented)
• Type: Verb
• Root: दह् (शानच्)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Plural

• सुतस्नेहात्: from affection for the son
• सुतस्नेहात्: Apadana
• Type: Noun
• Root: सुत-स्नेह
• Form: Masculine, Ablative, Singular

• प्रययुः: they went
• Type: Verb
• Root: प्र-या (लिट्)
• Form: Perfect (Paroksha/Lit), 3rd, Plural

• बान्धवाः: kinsmen/relatives
• बान्धवाः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: बान्धव
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Plural

• गृहम्: to the house/home
• गृहम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: गृह
• Form: Neuter, Accusative, Singular

Speaker

जम्बुक उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Jambuka
• son (suta)
• kinsmen/relatives (bāndhavāḥ)
• home (gṛha)
• earth/ground (bhūmi)

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

The verse highlights the ethical-psychological truth that attachment (sneha) can become a source of inner burning when confronted with loss; it implicitly points toward steadiness and discernment as antidotes to grief-driven collapse.

What is happening in the narrative?

After hearing Jambuka’s words, the relatives—drowned in sorrow—set the boy down on the ground and, tormented by love for him, leave the scene and return to their home.