Shloka 58
शल्यपरिघातः (Śalya Under Encirclement) — Mahābhārata, Śalya-parva, Adhyāya 12
ध्वजं निपतितं दृष्टवा पाण्डवं च व्यवस्थितम्
dhvajaṁ nipatitaṁ dṛṣṭvā pāṇḍavaṁ ca vyavasthitam | saṅkruddho madrarājo 'bhūc charavarṣaṁ mumoca ha ||
サञ्जयは語った。旗が落ち、パーンダヴァ（ユディシュティラ）が眼前に毅然と立つのを見て、マドラ王シャリヤは激怒し、矢の雨を放った。この一瞬は、戦の熱の中で傷ついた誇りと敵の不動の姿が、怒りを噴き上がらせ、殺戮をさらに激化させうることを示している。
संजय उवाच
Educational Q&A
The verse highlights how anger (krodha), especially when triggered by perceived loss of honor (symbolized by the fallen banner) and an opponent’s steadfastness, can rapidly intensify violence. It implicitly cautions that emotional agitation in conflict clouds judgment and drives destructive action.
Sañjaya reports that Śalya, seeing the battle-standard fallen and Yudhiṣṭhira standing firmly in front, becomes furious and responds by releasing a heavy volley of arrows—an immediate tactical escalation in the duel.