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Shloka 23

Sauptika Parva, Adhyaya 8 — Dhṛṣṭadyumna-vadha and the Camp’s Nocturnal Rout

कच्चिदुन्मथ्य शिविरं हत्वा सोमकपाण्डवान्‌ | (कृता प्रतिज्ञा सफला कच्चित्‌ संजय सा निशि ।) कहीं नीच द्वार-रक्षकोंने उन्हें रोक तो नहीं दिया? किसीने उन्हें देखा तो नहीं? कहीं ऐसा तो नहीं हुआ कि वे दोनों महारथी इस कार्यको असहाु मानकर लौट गये हों? संजय! क्या उस शिविरको मथकर सोमकों और पाण्डवोंकी हत्या करके रातमें अश्वत्थामाने अपनी प्रतिज्ञा सफल कर ली?

kaccid unmathya śibiraṃ hatvā somaka-pāṇḍavān | kṛtā pratijñā saphalā kaccit sañjaya sā niśi || evaṃ bruvāṇas taṃ vīraṃ siṃho mattam iva dvipam ||

ドリタラーシュトラは問うた。「語れ、サンジャヤ――夜の闇の中で、アシュヴァッターマンは誓いを果たしたのか。陣営へ突入し、営をかき乱して、ソーマカとパーンドゥの者たちを屠ったのか。卑しき門番どもに阻まれはしなかったか、あるいは誰かに見られはしなかったか。さらに、あの二人の大車戦士は、その所業を耐え難しとして引き返したりはしなかったか。」こう言って王は、酔える象に対する獅子のごとく、勇士を激しく迫った。

कच्चित्whether?, I hope
कच्चित्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootकच्चित्
उन्मथ्यhaving churned up/laid waste
उन्मथ्य:
TypeVerb
Rootउन्मथ्
Formल्यप् (absolutive/gerund), parasmaipada (usage)
शिविरम्camp
शिविरम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootशिविर
Formneuter, accusative, singular
हत्वाhaving slain
हत्वा:
TypeVerb
Rootहन्
Formक्त्वा (absolutive/gerund), parasmaipada (usage)
सोमकthe Somakas
सोमक:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootसोमक
Formmasculine, accusative, plural (in compound with next)
पाण्डवान्the Pandavas
पाण्डवान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootपाण्डव
Formmasculine, accusative, plural
कृताmade, done
कृता:
TypeVerb
Rootकृ
Formक्त (past passive participle), feminine, nominative, singular
प्रतिज्ञाvow, promise
प्रतिज्ञा:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootप्रतिज्ञा
Formfeminine, nominative, singular
सफलाsuccessful, fruitful
सफला:
TypeAdjective
Rootसफल
Formfeminine, nominative, singular
कच्चित्whether?, I hope
कच्चित्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootकच्चित्
संजयO Sanjaya
संजय:
TypeNoun
Rootसंजय
Formmasculine, vocative, singular
साthat (she/it)
सा:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
Formfeminine, nominative, singular
निशिat night
निशि:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootनिशा
Formfeminine, locative, singular
एवम्thus
एवम्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएवम्
ब्रुवाणःspeaking, saying
ब्रुवाणः:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootब्रू
Formशतृ (present active participle), masculine, nominative, singular
तम्him
तम्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
Formmasculine, accusative, singular
वीरम्hero, brave man
वीरम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootवीर
Formmasculine, accusative, singular
सिंहःlion
सिंहः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootसिंह
Formmasculine, nominative, singular
मत्तम्intoxicated, maddened
मत्तम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootमत्त
Formmasculine, accusative, singular
इवlike, as
इव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइव
द्विपम्elephant
द्विपम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootद्विप
Formmasculine, accusative, singular

घतयाट्र उवाच

D
Dhṛtarāṣṭra
S
Sañjaya
A
Aśvatthāman
S
Somakas
P
Pāṇḍavas
Ś
śibira (camp)
G
gate-guards (dvāra-rakṣaka, implied by the Hindi gloss)
T
two mahārathas (implied by the Hindi gloss)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights moral tension in war: a vow pursued through stealth and mass killing raises anxiety about dharma. Dhṛtarāṣṭra’s questioning shows how attachment to victory can eclipse ethical restraint, even as the narrative frames the act as troubling and fearsome.

Dhṛtarāṣṭra anxiously asks Sañjaya whether Aśvatthāman succeeded at night in attacking the camp and killing the Somakas and Pāṇḍavas, whether guards stopped him or anyone saw him, and whether the two great warriors involved might have turned back in revulsion. The closing simile intensifies the scene’s emotional pressure.