Shloka 17

अध्याय ४ — भीष्मेन कर्णोत्साहनम्

Bhīṣma’s Encouragement of Karṇa

Devanagari script

हृषिता: कुरव: सर्वे दुर्योधनपुरोगमा: । उपागतं महाबाहुं सर्वानीकपुरःसरम्‌

Transliteration

hṛṣitāḥ kuravaḥ sarve duryodhana-purogamāḥ | upāgataṃ mahābāhuṃ sarvānīka-puraḥsaram ||

Translation

サンジャヤは言った。「ドゥルヨーダナを先頭とするクル族の者たちは皆、剛腕の英雄が到来するのを見て歓喜した——全軍の先頭に立って進む、その者を。」

Word by Word

• हृषिताः: delighted, exhilarated
• हृषिताः: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: हृषित
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Plural

• कुरवः: the Kurus
• कुरवः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: कुरु
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Plural

• सर्वे: all
• सर्वे: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सर्व
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Plural

• दुर्योधनपुरोगमाः: having Duryodhana in front/led by Duryodhana
• दुर्योधनपुरोगमाः: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: पुरोगम
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Plural

• उपागतम्: arrived, come near
• उपागतम्: Karma
• Type: Adjective
• Root: उपागत
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular

• महाबाहुम्: the mighty-armed (one)
• महाबाहुम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: महाबाहु
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular

• सर्वानीकपुरःसरम्: who goes in front of all the armies/leading all the forces
• सर्वानीकपुरःसरम्: Karma
• Type: Adjective
• Root: पुरःसर
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular

Speaker

संजय उवाच

Characters & Entities

• संजय (Sañjaya)
• कुरवः (Kurus/Kauravas)
• दुर्योधन (Duryodhana)

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

The verse highlights how collective morale in war often hinges on perceived strength and leadership; delight arises not from dharma itself but from confidence in a powerful champion, reminding readers to examine the ethical basis of one’s enthusiasm and allegiance.

What is happening in the narrative?

Sañjaya reports that the Kaurava warriors, with Duryodhana at their head, become joyful upon the arrival of a mighty warrior who advances before the whole army, signaling renewed confidence and forward momentum for their side.