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Shloka 19

Abhimanyu-śravaṇa-prastāva and Cakravyūha-vinyāsa

Prelude to Abhimanyu’s Account and the Wheel-Formation Deployment

त॑ चाभिमन्युर्वचनात्‌ पितुर्ज्येष्ल्थ भारत । बिभेद दुर्भिदं संख्ये चक्रव्यूहमनेकधा,भारत! यद्यपि उस चक्रव्यूहका भेदन करना अत्यन्त दुष्कर कार्य था तो भी वीर अभिमन्युने अपने ताऊ युधिष्ठिरकी आज्ञासे उस व्यूहका बारंबार भेदन किया

taṁ cābhimanyur vacanāt pitur jyeṣṭha bhārata | bibheda durbhidaṁ saṅkhye cakravyūham anekadhā ||

サンジャヤは言った。「バーラタよ、父の長兄の命により、アビマンニュは—戦場にて輪陣(cakravyūha)を破ることがこの上なく困難であったにもかかわらず—その堅牢なる陣を幾度も幾度も切り裂いた。この段は、正しき権威への揺るがぬ服従と、ほとんど不可能に近い務めにも屈せぬ勇決を示している。」

सःhe (that one)
सः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
अभिमन्युःAbhimanyu
अभिमन्युः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootअभिमन्यु
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
वचनात्from/according to the word (command)
वचनात्:
Apadana
TypeNoun
Rootवचन
FormNeuter, Ablative, Singular
पितुःof (his) father
पितुः:
TypeNoun
Rootपितृ
FormMasculine, Genitive, Singular
ज्येष्ठस्यof the eldest
ज्येष्ठस्य:
TypeAdjective
Rootज्येष्ठ
FormMasculine, Genitive, Singular
भारतO Bharata
भारत:
TypeNoun
Rootभारत
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
बिभेदsplit/broke/pierced
बिभेद:
TypeVerb
Rootभिद्
FormPerfect (Liṭ), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
दुर्भिदम्hard to break
दुर्भिदम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootदुर्भिद
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
संख्येin battle
संख्ये:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootसंख्या
FormFeminine, Locative, Singular
चक्रव्यूहम्the wheel-formation (cakravyūha)
चक्रव्यूहम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootचक्रव्यूह
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
अनेकधाin many ways / repeatedly
अनेकधा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअनेकधा
भारतO Bharata
भारत:
TypeNoun
Rootभारत
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular

संजय उवाच

S
Sanjaya
A
Abhimanyu
Y
Yudhiṣṭhira
A
Arjuna
C
Cakravyūha

Educational Q&A

The verse underscores dharma in action: Abhimanyu accepts a perilous duty under legitimate command, showing disciplined obedience and courageous perseverance even against an almost unbreakable military formation.

Sanjaya reports that Abhimanyu, acting on the instruction of his father’s elder (understood as Yudhiṣṭhira, Arjuna’s elder brother), repeatedly breaks into and splits the formidable cakravyūha during the battle.