Shloka 11
Devanagari script
न लज्जसे कथं वक्तुं समितिं प्राप्प शोभनाम् । कथं च शतधा जिद्ला न ते मूर्धा च दीर्यते
Transliteration
na lajjase kathaṁ vaktuṁ samitiṁ prāpya śobhanām | kathaṁ ca śatadhā jīrṇā na te mūrdhā ca dīryate ||
Translation
サンジャヤは言った。「あの輝かしい सभाに至りながら、どうしてそのように語って恥じぬのか。しかも、百に砕けるべき汝の頭が、なぜ裂けぬのだ。」
Word by Word
नnot
न:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootन
लज्जसेyou are ashamed
लज्जसे:
TypeVerb
Rootलज्ज्
FormLat (present indicative), 2, singular, Atmanepada
कथम्how?
कथम्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootकथम्
वक्तुम्to speak
वक्तुम्:
TypeVerb
Rootवच्
Formtumun (infinitive)
समितिम्battle, assembly (of war)
समितिम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootसमिति
Formfeminine, accusative, singular
प्राप्यhaving reached/attained
प्राप्य:
TypeVerb
Rootप्र-आप्
Formktvā-anta (absolutive/gerund)
शोभनाम्splendid, glorious
शोभनाम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootशोभन
Formfeminine, accusative, singular
कथम्how?
कथम्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootकथम्
चand
च:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच
शतधाinto a hundred pieces; a hundredfold
शतधा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootशतधा
जिह्वाtongue
जिह्वा:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootजिह्वा
Formfeminine, nominative, singular
नnot
न:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootन
तेyour
ते:
Sampradana
TypePronoun
Rootयुष्मद्
Formgenitive, singular
मूर्धाhead
मूर्धा:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootमूर्धन्
Formmasculine, nominative, singular
चand
च:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच
दीर्यतेis split/burst
दीर्यते:
TypeVerb
Rootदॄ (दीर्)
FormLat (present indicative), 3, singular, Atmanepada, passive/intransitive sense
Speaker
संजय उवाच
Characters & Entities
S
SañjayaCharacter Dynamics
Dharma Sankata (Moral Dilemma)
War Context
Verse Rasa (Emotional Essence)
Philosophical Teaching
Political Layer
Geographic Context
Meter (Chandas)
Sandhi Notes
Educational Q&A
The verse frames unethical or shameless speech as a moral failing: in an honorable assembly (or solemn public setting), one must speak with integrity and accountability; otherwise, one deserves censure for lacking shame and self-restraint.
Sañjaya delivers a sharp rebuke to an unnamed interlocutor, questioning how that person can speak without shame in a distinguished gathering and how their head does not ‘split’ from the weight of disgrace—an idiom for extreme moral reproach.