Shloka 32
Devanagari script
यो हानाथ इवाक्रम्य पार्षतेन हतस्तथा
Transliteration
yo hānātha ivākramya pārṣatena hatas tathā
Translation
アルジュナは言った。「守る者もなく、頼るべきものもないかのように押さえ込まれ、そしてプリシャトの子によってそのように討たれた—事はかくして起こったのだ。」
Word by Word
यःwho
यः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
हाalas!
हा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootहा
अनाथःhelpless, without protector
अनाथः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootअनाथ
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
इवas if, like
इव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइव
आक्रम्यhaving attacked/assailed, having advanced upon
आक्रम्य:
TypeVerb
Rootआ-क्रम्
Formल्यप् (absolutive/gerund), Parasmaipada (usage-neutral for gerund)
पार्षतेनby the son of Pārṣata (Dhṛṣṭadyumna)
पार्षतेन:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootपार्षत
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Singular
हतःkilled, slain
हतः:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootहन्
Formक्त (past passive participle), Masculine, Nominative, Singular
तथाthus, in that manner
तथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतथा
Speaker
अजुन उवाच
Characters & Entities
A
Arjuna (speaker)P
Pārṣata (Dhṛṣṭadyumna, son of Pṛṣat)Character Dynamics
Dharma Sankata (Moral Dilemma)
War Context
Verse Rasa (Emotional Essence)
Philosophical Teaching
Political Layer
Geographic Context
Meter (Chandas)
Sandhi Notes
Educational Q&A
The verse highlights the ethical strain of war: even in a righteous battle, killing someone who appears helpless or unprotected is morally troubling and invites scrutiny under kṣatriya-dharma.
Arjuna comments on a killing attributed to Pārṣata (Dhṛṣṭadyumna), describing the victim as having been overpowered and slain as if defenseless, signaling Arjuna’s concern about the manner of the act.