Shloka 69

Devanagari script

ततः क्रुद्धो रणे द्रौणिभभृशं जज्वाल मारिष । यथेन्धनं महत्‌ प्राप्य प्राज्वलद्धव्यवाहन:

Transliteration

tataḥ kruddho raṇe drauṇir bhṛśaṃ jajvāla māriṣa | yathendhanaṃ mahat prāpya prājvalad dhavyavāhanaḥ ||

Translation

サンジャヤは言った。「そのとき戦場のただ中で、ドローナの子は怒りに焼かれて激しく燃え上がった、尊き御方よ。あたかも祭火が多くの薪を得て、力強く燃えさかるがごとく。」

Word by Word

• ततः: then, thereafter
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ततः

• क्रुद्धः: angry
• क्रुद्धः: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: क्रुद्ध
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• रणे: in battle
• रणे: Adhikarana
• Type: Noun
• Root: रण
• Form: Masculine, Locative, Singular

• द्रौणिः: Drauni (Aśvatthāman, son of Droṇa)
• द्रौणिः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: द्रौणि
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• भृशम्: exceedingly, greatly
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: भृशम्

• जज्वाल: blazed, flared up
• Type: Verb
• Root: ज्वल्
• Form: Perfect (Liṭ), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada

• मारिष: O noble one / O sir
• Type: Noun
• Root: मारिष
• Form: Masculine, Vocative, Singular

• यथा: as, just as
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: यथा

• इन्धनम्: fuel
• इन्धनम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: इन्धन
• Form: Neuter, Accusative, Singular

• महत्: great, large
• Type: Adjective
• Root: महत्
• Form: Neuter, Accusative, Singular

• प्राप्य: having obtained, having reached
• Type: Verb
• Root: प्र-आप्
• Form: Absolutive (Gerund), Parasmaipada (usage)

• प्राज्वलत्: blazing forth
• प्राज्वलत्: Karta
• Type: Verb
• Root: प्र-ज्वल्
• Form: Present active participle, Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• हव्यवाहनः: the fire (carrier of oblations)
• हव्यवाहनः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: हव्यवाहन
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

Speaker

संजय उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Sañjaya
• Aśvatthāmā (Drauṇi)
• Agni (as dhavyavāhana, sacrificial fire)
• Dhṛtarāṣṭra (implied by the address māriṣa)

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

The verse highlights how anger, once supplied with ‘fuel’ (provocation, grief, humiliation, or desire for revenge), can expand rapidly into destructive force—like sacrificial fire fed with abundant wood—warning that unchecked wrath magnifies harm in war and in moral life.

What is happening in the narrative?

Sañjaya describes Aśvatthāmā on the battlefield becoming intensely enraged and ‘blazing’ with ferocity. The comparison to Agni emphasizes the sudden, overpowering escalation of his martial fury.