Shloka 47

Devanagari script

ते दहामाना द्रोणेन सूर्येणेव विराजता । दग्धवीर्या निरुत्साहा बभूवुर्गतचेतस:

Transliteration

te dahāmānā droṇena sūryeṇeva virājatā | dagdhavīryā nirutsāhā babhūvur gata-cetasaḥ ||

Translation

太陽のごとく輝くドローナに焼かれて、彼らは武勇の力を失った。気は折れ、心は定まらず、意気消沈して内奥まで揺さぶられた。

Word by Word

• ते: they (those)
• ते: Karta
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद्
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Plural

• दहामानाः: being burned / burning (in the sense of being scorched)
• दहामानाः: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: दह्
• Form: शानच् (present participle, Ātmanepada), Masculine, Nominative, Plural

• द्रोणेन: by Droṇa
• द्रोणेन: Karana
• Type: Noun
• Root: द्रोण
• Form: Masculine, Instrumental, Singular

• सूर्येण: by the sun
• सूर्येण: Karana
• Type: Noun
• Root: सूर्य
• Form: Masculine, Instrumental, Singular

• इव: as if / like
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: इव

• विराजता: shining, resplendent
• विराजता: Karana
• Type: Adjective
• Root: वि-राज्
• Form: शतृ (present active participle), Masculine, Instrumental, Singular

• दग्धवीर्याः: with strength burned up (their vigor scorched)
• दग्धवीर्याः: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: दग्ध-वीर्य
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Plural

• निरुत्साहाः: without enthusiasm, dispirited
• निरुत्साहाः: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: निरुत्साह
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Plural

• बभूवुः: became
• Type: Verb
• Root: भू
• Form: Liṭ (Perfect), 3rd, Plural, Parasmaipada

• गतचेतसः: with minds gone (bewildered, out of their senses)
• गतचेतसः: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: गत-चेतस्
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Plural

Speaker

कृप उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Droṇa
• Sun (Sūrya)

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

The verse highlights how overwhelming force and brilliance in battle can break not only bodies but morale: when courage (vīrya) is ‘burned up,’ enthusiasm and clear-minded resolve collapse, showing the ethical weight of leadership and the psychological dimension of warfare.

What is happening in the narrative?

Kṛpa describes the opposing warriors as being ‘scorched’ by Droṇa’s sun-like prowess on the battlefield; under his blazing assault they become dispirited, lose their fighting strength, and fall into mental disarray.